TECHNICAL PAPERS
May 20, 2011

Sustainability Assessment of Concrete Structures within the Spanish Structural Concrete Code

Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 138, Issue 2

Abstract

Since 2008, the Spanish Structural Concrete Code (EHE in Spanish) has generally focused on respecting the environment; as a result, it has become a support tool for designing sustainable concrete structures. The Ministry of Public Works took charge of the initiative and a wide range of professionals and researchers, encompassing various points of view in this sector, carried it through. It is a pioneering initiative, opening up an avenue for the future of sustainable structural design. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the procedure used in drafting the sustainability appendix for the EHE and to present the EHE model for assessing the sustainability of concrete structures. Although the project has had its problems, the model that it produced is very thorough. It includes practically all the main criteria, taking into account the current state of the art and the fact that this was the first time a sustainability assessment technique has been included in a structural code.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The work described in this paper was completed within the framework of the following projects: “Sustainability through Value Analysis Applied to Various Fields—MIVES II” (UNSPECIFIEDBIA2005-09163 C03-01), “Towards Sustainability in Construction through Value Analysis with Deterministic and Probabilistic Approaches—MIVES III” (UNSPECIFIEDBIA2009-14171-C04-01), “Quantification of Sustainability in Construction Engineering with and without Uncertainty,” and “Application and Testing of Different Components and at Different Scales of Construction—MIVES IV” (UNSPECIFIEDBIA2010-20789-C04-01), funded by the Ministry of Education and Science; “ICES—Assessment of the Environmental Sensitivity Index of Concrete Structures” (UNSPECIFIEDFOM/3546/2005), funded by the Ministry of Public Works; and “MIVES-EH-i—Support Tool for the Sustainable Design of Concrete Structures, Taking Uncertainty into Account,” funded by the Regional Government of Galicia (UNSPECIFIED08TMT011166PR).
We wish to express our most sincere thanks to all the professionals who cooperated in the drafting of Appendix 13 of EHE-2008 (see Appendix of this paper).

References

Aguado, A., Manga, M., and Ormazábal, G. (2006). “Los aspectos conceptuales del proyecto MIVES.” La medida de la sostenibilidad en edificación industrial, R. Losada, E. Rojí, and J. Cuadrado, eds., UPV, UPC, Labein-Tecnalia, Bilbao, Spain, 113–134 (in Spanish).
Aguado, A., Alarcón, B., and Manga, R. (2008). “Razón de ser del anejo ICES de la EHE y características del mismo.” Cem.-Hormigon, 913, 16–23 (in Spanish).
Alanne, K. (2004). “Selection of renovation actions using multicriteria “knapsack” model.” Autom. Constr., 13(3), 377–391.
Alavedra, P., and Cuerva, E. (2008). “Aplicación del índice de sostenibilidad en la rehabilitación de un edificio industrial.” Cem.-Hormigon, 913, 82–91 (in Spanish).
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). (2004). Sustainable engineering practice. An introduction, Reston, VA.
Cuadrado, J. (2008). “Establecimiento de una metodología general para la medida de la sostenibilidad en el ciclo de vida de los edificios industriales.” Ph.D. thesis, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, Spain (in Spanish).
del Caño, A., and de la Cruz, M. P. (2008). “Bases y criterios para el establecimiento de un modelo de evaluación de la sostenibilidad en estructuras de hormigón.” Cem.-Hormigon, 913, 6–14 (in Spanish).
Garrucho, I., and Portas, I. (2008). “Manual de la aplicación del anejo ICES de la instrucción EHE.” Cem.-Hormigon, 913, 44–57 (in Spanish).
Gómez, D., del Caño, A., and de la Cruz, M. P. (2009). “Sustainability assessment of concrete structures using the Spanish code EHE-2008. A case study.” 13th Int. Congr. on Project Engineering, AEIPRO (Spanish Engineering and Project Management Association), Badajoz, Spain.
Graedel, T. E. (1998). Streamlined life-cycle assessment, Prentice Hall, New York.
Han, C. H. (2004). “Tools for establishing dominance with linear partial information and attribute hierarchy.” Int. J. Syst. Sci., 35(2), 123–132.
Hegger, J., et al. (2009). “Nachhaltiges Bauen im Lebenszyklus.” [Concrete—Sustainable construction in the life cycle] Bauingenieur, 84(7), 304–312.
International Initiative for a Sustainable Built Environment (iiSBE). (2009). 〈http://www.iisbe.org〉 (Mar. 1, 2010).
Josa, A., and Alavedra, P. (2006). “El concepto de sostenibilidad.” La medida de la sostenibilidad en edificación industrial, R. Losada, E. Rojí, and J. Cuadrado, eds., UPV, UPC, Labein-Tecnalia, Bilbao, Spain, 59–70.
Langston, C. A., and Ding, G. K. C. (2001). Sustainable practices in the built environment, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK.
Losada, R., Rojí, E., and Cuadrado, J. (2006). La medida de la sostenibilidad en edificación industrial, R. Losada, E. Rojí and J. Cuadrado, eds., UPV, UPC, Labein-Tecnalia, Bilbao, Spain.
Losada, R., Rojí, E., and Cuadrado, J. (2008). “Evaluación del ICES en un edificio de 28 viviendas de VPO.” Cem.-Hormigon, 913, 58–65 (in Spanish).
Meadows, D., Randers, J., and Meadows, D. (2004). Limits to growth: The 30-year update, Chelsea Green Publishing, White River Junction, VT.
Miles, L. D. (1961). Techniques of value analysis and engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Ministerio de la Presidencia. (2008). “Real Decreto 1247/2008, de 18 de julio, por el que se aprueba la instrucción de hormigón estructural (EHE-2008).” Appendix 13, Spanish EHE Code, Boletín Oficial del Estado (BOE) 203, 487–504.
Ortiz, O., Bonnet, C., Bruno, J. C., and Castells, F. (2009). “Sustainability based on LCM of residential dwellings: A case study in Catalonia, Spain.” Build. Environ., 44(3), 584–594.
Pacios, A., and Martos, G. (2008). “Estimación del índice de contribución de la estructura a la sostenibilidad en ejemplos de edificación.” Cem.-Hormigon, 913, 68–81 (in Spanish).
Ríos, S., Ríos-Insua, M. J., and Ríos-Insua, S. (1989). Procesos de decisión multicriterio, EUDEMA Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Saaty, T. L. (1980). The analytic hierarchy process, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Saaty, T. L. (2006). Fundamentals of decision making and priority theory with the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Vol. VI, RWS Publications, Pittsburgh.
San José, J. T., and Garrucho, I. (2010). “A system approach to the environmental analysis of industrial buildings.” Build. Environ., 45(3), 673–683.
San José, J. T., and Josa, A. (2008). “Planteamiento MIVES para la evaluación. El caso de la EHE.” Cem.-Hormigon, (913), 26–34 (in Spanish).
Sarja, A. (2001). “Lifetime engineering of concrete structures for sustainability.” Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on Materials Engineering for Resources, 1, Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita Univ., Akita, Japan, 45–48.
Schnapper, M., and Rollins, S. (2006). Value-based metrics for improving results, J. Ross Publishing, Fort Lauderdale, FL.
Sjöström, C. (2001). “Approaches to sustainability in building construction.” Struct. Concrete, 2(3), 111–119.
Swamy, R. N. (2001). “Holistic design: Key to sustainability in concrete construction.” Proc., Inst. Civ. Eng.: Struct. Build., 146(4), 371–379.
Ugwu, O. O., and Haupt, T. C. (2007). “Key performance indicators and assessment methods for infrastructure sustainability—A South African construction industry perspective.” Build. Environ., 42(2), 665–680.
United Nations Organization (UNO). (1987). “Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED): Our common future (Brundtland Report).”
United Nations Organization (UNO). (1992). “Rio declaration on environment and development.” United Nations Conf. on Environment and Development (UNCED), New York.
U.S. Green Building Council. (2010). “Leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED).” 〈http://www.usgbc.org〉 (Mar. 1, 2010).
Vacas, A., and Zornoza, B. (2008). “Aplicación del ICES a una obra de infraestructuras.” Cem.-Hormigon, 913, 94–103 (in Spanish).
Vakili-Ardebili, A., and Boussabaine, A. H. (2007). “Application of fuzzy techniques to develop an assessment framework for building design eco-drivers.” Build. Environ., 42(11), 3785–3800.
Van Geem, M. (2006). “Achieving sustainability with precast concrete.” Prestressed Concr. Inst. J., 51(1), 42–61.
Viñolas, B., Cortés, F., Marqués, A., Josa, A., and Aguado, A. (2009). “MIVES: Modelo integrado de valor para evaluaciones de sostenibilidad.” II Congrés Internacional de Mesura i Modelització de la Sostenibilitat [Int. Conf. on Sustainability Measurement and Modeling] ICSMM 09, Centro Internacional de Métodos Numéricos en Ingeniería, Barcelona, Spain (in Spanish).
Yagi, J. (1999). “Automation and robotics in construction in Japan. State of the art.” 16th IAARC/IFAC/IEEE Int. Symp. on Automation and Robotics in Construction, C. Balaguer, ed., Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, 3–6.
Zhou, Y. H., and Huang, J. W. (2007). “An AHP-based fuzzy evaluation approach to management of sustainable water resources.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Wireless Communications, Networking, and Mobile Computing, IEEE, New York, 5025–5028.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 138Issue 2February 2012
Pages: 268 - 276

History

Received: Jun 11, 2010
Accepted: May 18, 2011
Published online: May 20, 2011
Published in print: Feb 1, 2012

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Antonio Aguado [email protected]
P.E.
Professor of Structural Concrete, Departamento de Ingeniería de la Construcción, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales, y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, C/Jordi Girona Salgado, 1-3 08034 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]
Alfredo del Caño, M.ASCE. [email protected]
P.E.
Professor of Construction Engineering and Management, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de La Coruña, C/Mendizábal, s/n, 15.403 Ferrol, Spain (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
M. Pilar de la Cruz [email protected]
P.E.
Associate Professor of Construction Engineering and Management, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de La Coruña, C/Mendizábal, s/n, 15.403 Ferrol, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]
Diego Gómez [email protected]
Research Assistant, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de La Coruña, C/Mendizábal, s/n, 15.403 Ferrol, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]
Alejandro Josa [email protected]
P.E.
Associate Professor of Geotechnical Engineering, Departamento de Ingeniería del Terreno, Cartográfica, y Geofísica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales, y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, C/Jordi Girona Salgado, 1-3 08034 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share