Case Study of Premature Failure of a Concrete Block Pavement System at a Shipping Container Logistics Site
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 34, Issue 1
Abstract
The trackway of a high-load gantry crane system at a shipping container logistics site in northern Israel underwent serious premature damages, which jeopardized the continued use of the system. The trackway pavement system was based on concrete paving blocks. Measurements made of the trackway surface profile and elevation profile on the surface of the uppermost granular bearing layer illustrated severe rutting and loss of paving block interlock. Considering surface and near-surface measurements, photographic and physical documentation of the materials used in the structural layering of the pavement system revealed three focal reasons for the development of damage to the trackway: improper designation of edge restraint, improper designation of bedding and joint filler sand, and excessive bedding sand thickness. The first two issues are design errors, and the third is a construction flaw. Actions taken to remedy the damages have been outlined and illustrated.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
ARA (Applied Research Associates). 2007. Interlocking concrete block pavement distress guide. Chantilly, VA: Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute.
Beaty, A. 1994. “Bedding sands for concrete block pavements subject to heavy channelized loading.” In Proc., 2nd Int. on Workshop on Concrete Block Paving, 234–241. Oslo, Norway: NorwegianConcrete Industries Association.
Clifford, J. M. 1984. “A description of ‘interlock’ and ‘lock-up’ in block pavements.” In Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving. Delft, Netherlands: Delft Univ. of Technology.
ICPI (Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute). 2003. Structural design of interlocking concrete pavement for roads and parking lots. Chantilly, VA: ICPI.
ICPI (Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute). 2014. Edge restraints for interlocking concrete pavements. Chantilly, VA: ICPI.
ICPI (Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute). 2015. Construction of interlocking concrete pavements. Chantilly, VA: ICPI.
Knapton, J. 2007. The structural design of heavy duty pavements for ports and other industries. 4th ed. Leicester, UK: Interpave.
Lilley, A. A. 1980. “A review of concrete block paving in the UK over the past five years.” In Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving, 40–44. Chantilly, VA: Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute.
McQueen, R. D., J. Knapton, J. Emery, and D. R. Smith. 2010. Airfield pavement design with concrete pavers: A comprehensive guide. 4th ed. Chantilly, VA: Interlocking Concrete Paving Institute.
Panda, B. C., and A. K. Ghosh. 2002. “Structural behavior of concrete block paving. I: Sand in bed and joints.” J. Transp. Eng. 128 (2): 123–129. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2002)128:2(123).
Pretorius, F. K., and R. Logan. 2003. “Failure analyses and rehabilitation design for paving block pavements: A case study on a container site area where early failures were experienced.” In Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving. Cape Town, South Africa: Arcus Gibb Consulting Engineers.
Standards Institution of Israel. 1998. Concrete block pavements. Israeli Standard 1571. Tel Aviv, Israel: Standards Institution of Israel.
US Federal Aviation Administration. 2018. “Item P-502: Interlocking concrete pavement construction for airport pavement.” Accessed August 1, 2018. https://www.faa.gov/airports/engineering/construction_standards/.
Van der Vlist, A. A. 1980. “The development of concrete paving blocks in the Netherlands.” In Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving, 14–22. Vekoopassociate Netherlands Cement: Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 34 • Issue 1 • February 2020
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 24, 2017
Accepted: Jun 27, 2019
Published online: Nov 12, 2019
Published in print: Feb 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Apr 12, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.