Investigation of Modeling Strategies for Progressive Collapse Analysis of RC Frame Structures
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 33, Issue 6
Abstract
This paper presents a numerical investigation of the reliability and applicability of modeling strategies used to perform progressive collapse analysis of RC structures. Three widely adopted numerical approaches based on displacement-based element (DBE), force-based element (FBE), and macro joint element (MJE) are comprehensively studied. The formulations and characteristics of each strategy are first introduced, and the adopted material constitutive models are then presented and set as the same in different approaches. Some benchmark experiments of RC beam-to-column subassemblages that are subjected to column removal are selected as the reference to validate the three modeling approaches. Finally, influences of several typical modeling parameters in different strategies (e.g., mesh size for the DBE, integration points for the FBE, and bond-slip effect for the MJE) are studied, and some recommendations for a practical numerical modeling procedure are made for progressive collapse analysis of RC structures.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20170680), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51708106), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University and the Open Foundation of Engineering Research Center of Construction Technology of Precast Concrete of Zhejiang Province.
References
Altoontash, A. 2004. “Simulation and damage models for performance assessment of reinforced concrete beam-column joints.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford Univ.
Bao, Y., S. K. Kunnath, S. El-Tawil, and H. S. Lew. 2008. “Macromodel-based simulation of progressive collapse: RC frame structures.” J. Struct. Eng. 134 (7): 1079–1091. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:7(1079).
Bao, Y., H. Lew, and S. K. Kunnath. 2014. “Modeling of reinforced concrete assemblies under column-removal scenario.” J. Struct. Eng. 140 (1): 04013026. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000773.
Brunesi, E., and R. Nascimbene. 2014. “Extreme response of reinforced concrete buildings through fiber force-based finite element analysis.” Eng. Struct. 69 (Jun): 206–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.03.020.
Brunesi, E., R. Nascimbene, F. Parisi, and N. Augenti. 2015. “Progressive collapse fragility of reinforced concrete framed structures through incremental dynamic analysis.” Eng. Struct. 104 (Dec): 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.09.024.
Brunesi, E., and F. Parisi. 2017. “Progressive collapse fragility models of European reinforced concrete framed buildings based on pushdown analysis.” Eng. Struct. 152 (Dec): 579–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.043.
Coleman, J., and E. Spacone. 2001. “Localization issues in force-based frame elements.” J. Struct. Eng. 127 (11): 1257–1265. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:11(1257).
DoD (Department of Defense). 2013. Unified facilities criteria: Design of buildings to resist progressive collapse. Washington, DC: DoD.
Feng, D. C., Z. Wang, and G. Wu. 2019a. “Progressive collapse performance analysis of precast reinforced concrete structures.” Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build. 28 (5):e1588. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1588.
Feng, D. C., S. C. Xie, W. N. Deng, and Z. D. Ding. 2019b. “Probabilistic failure analysis of reinforced concrete beam-column sub-assemblage under column removal scenario.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 100 (Jun): 381–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.02.004.
Feng, D.-C., C. Kolay, J. M. Ricles, and J. Li. 2016a. “Collapse simulation of reinforced concrete frame structures.” Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build. 25 (12): 578–601. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1273.
Feng, D.-C., and J. Li. 2016. “Stochastic nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete frames. II: Numerical simulation.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (3): 04015163. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001443.
Feng, D.-C., and X.-D. Ren. 2017. “Enriched force-based frame element with evolutionary plastic hinge.” J. Struct. Eng. 143 (10): 06017005. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001871.
Feng, D.-C., X.-D. Ren, and J. Li. 2016b. “Implicit gradient delocalization method for force-based frame element.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (2): 04015122. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001397.
Feng, D.-C., G. Wu, and Y. Lu. 2018. “Numerical investigation on the progressive collapse behavior of precast reinforced concrete frame subassemblages.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 32 (3): 04018027. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001179.
Feng, D.-C., G. Wu, Z.-Y. Sun, and J.-G. Xu. 2017. “A flexure-shear Timoshenko fiber beam element based on softened damage-plasticity model.” Eng. Struct. 140 (Jun): 483–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.066.
Feng, D.-C., and J. Xu. 2018. “An efficient fiber beam-column element considering flexure–shear interaction and anchorage bond-slip effect for cyclic analysis of RC structures.” Bull. Earthquake Eng. 16 (11): 5425–5452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0392-y.
GSA (General Service Administration). 2013. Alternate path analysis & design guidelines for progressive collapse resistance. Washington, DC: GSA.
Hsu, T. T. C. 1988. “Softened truss model theory for shear and torsion.” ACI Struct. J. 85 (6): 624–635.
Kang, S.-B., and K.-H. Tan. 2015. “Behaviour of precast concrete beam-column sub-assemblages subject to column removal.” Eng. Struct. 93 (Jun): 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.027.
Lew, H. S., Y. Bao, F. Sadek, J. A. Main, S. Pujol, and M. A. Sozen. 2011. An experimental and computational study of reinforced concrete assemblies under a column removal scenario. Gaithersburg, MD: NIST.
Li, Y., X. Lu, H. Guan, and P. Ren. 2016a. “Numerical investigation of progressive collapse resistance of reinforced concrete frames subject to column removals from different stories.” Adv. Struct. Eng. 19 (2): 314–326. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433215624515.
Li, Y., X. Lu, H. Guan, P. Ren, and L. Qian. 2016b. “Probability-based progressive collapse-resistant assessment for reinforced concrete frame structures.” Adv. Struct. Eng. 19 (11): 1723–1735. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433216649385.
Li, Y., X. Lu, H. Guan, and L. Ye. 2011. “An improved tie force method for progressive collapse resistance design of reinforced concrete frame structures.” Eng. Struct. 33 (10): 2931–2942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.06.017.
Lowes, L. N., and A. Altoontash. 2003. “Modeling reinforced-concrete beam-column joints subjected to cyclic loading.” J. Struct. Eng. 129 (12): 1686–1697. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:12(1686).
Lu, X., K. Lin, Y. Li, H. Guan, P. Ren, and Y. Zhou. 2017. “Experimental investigation of RC beam-slab substructures against progressive collapse subject to an edge-column-removal scenario.” Eng. Struct. 149 (Oct): 91–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.07.039.
Mander, J. B., M. J. Priestley, and R. Park. 1988. “Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete.” J. Struct. Eng. 114 (8): 1804–1826. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1804).
Ning, C.-L., and B. Li. 2016. “Probabilistic approach for estimating plastic hinge length of reinforced concrete columns.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (3): 04015164. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001436.
Ning, C.-L., and B. Li. 2017. “Numerical investigation of variable length of seismic damage region for reinforced concrete columns.” J. Earthquake Eng. 21 (6): 961–984. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2016.1174753.
Ning, C.-L., B. Yu, and B. Li. 2016. “Beam-column joint model for nonlinear analysis of non-seismically detailed reinforced concrete frame.” J. Earthquake Eng. 20 (3): 476–502. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2015.1104759.
Parisi, F., M. Scalvenzi, and E. Brunesi. 2019. “Performance limit states for progressive collapse analysis of reinforced concrete framed buildings.” Struct. Concr. 20 (1): 68–84. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201800039.
Pham, A.-T., K.-H. Tan, and J. Yu. 2017. “Numerical investigations on static and dynamic responses of reinforced concrete sub-assemblages under progressive collapse.” Eng. Struct. 149 (Oct): 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.07.042.
Qian, K., and B. Li. 2012. “Experimental and analytical assessment on RC interior beam-column subassemblages for progressive collapse.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 26 (5): 576–589. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000284.
Qian, K., and B. Li. 2013. “Performance of three-dimensional reinforced concrete beam-column substructures under loss of a corner column scenario.” J. Struct. Eng. 139 (4): 584–594. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000630.
Qian, K., B. Li, and J.-X. Ma. 2015. “Load-carrying mechanism to resist progressive collapse of RC buildings.” ASCE J. Struct. Eng. 141 (2): 04014107. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001046.
Qian, K., B. Li, and Z. Zhang. 2016. “Influence of multicolumn removal on the behavior of RC floors.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (5): 04016006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001461.
Ren, P., Y. Li, X. Lu, H. Guan, and Y. Zhou. 2016. “Experimental investigation of progressive collapse resistance of one-way reinforced concrete beam-slab substructures under a middle-column-removal scenario.” Eng. Struct. 118 (Jul): 28–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.03.051.
Sasani, M., and J. Kropelnicki. 2008. “Progressive collapse analysis of an RC structure.” Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build. 17 (4): 757–771. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.375.
Sasani, M., A. Werner, and A. Kazemi. 2011. “Bar fracture modeling in progressive collapse analysis of reinforced concrete structures.” Eng. Struct. 33 (2): 401–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.10.023.
Scott, M. H., and G. L. Fenves. 2006. “Plastic hinge integration methods for force-based beam-column elements.” J. Struct. Eng. 132 (2): 244–252. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:2(244).
Scott, M. H., and G. L. Fenves. 2010. “Krylov subspace accelerated newton algorithm: Application to dynamic progressive collapse simulation of frames.” J. Struct. Eng. 136 (5): 473–480. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000143.
Spacone, E., F. C. Filippou, and F. F. Taucer. 1996. “Fibre beam–column model for non-linear analysis of R/C frames. Part I: Formulation.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 25 (7): 711–725. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199607)25:7%3C711::AID-EQE576%3E3.0.CO;2-9.
Vecchio, F. J., and M. P. Collins. 1986. “The modified compression-field theory for reinforced concrete elements subjected to shear.” ACI Struct. J. 83 (2): 219–231.
Wu, J. Y., J. Li, and R. Faria. 2006. “An energy release rate-based plastic-damage model for concrete.” Int. J. Solids Struct. 43 (3–4): 583–612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.05.038.
Wu, J.-Y. 2013. “New enriched finite elements with softening plastic hinges for the modeling of localized failure in beams.” Comput. Struct. 128 (Nov): 203–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2013.06.011.
Wu, J.-Y., and M. Cervera. 2018. “A novel positive/negative projection in energy norm for the damage modeling of quasi-brittle solids.” Int. J. Solids Struct. 139–140 (May): 250–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2018.02.004.
Wu, J.-Y., F.-B. Li, and S.-L. Xu. 2015. “Extended embedded finite elements with continuous displacement jumps for the modeling of localized failure in solids.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 285 (Mar): 346–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2014.11.013.
Wu, J.-Y., and J. Li. 2007. “Unified plastic-damage model for concrete and its applications to dynamic nonlinear analysis of structures.” Struct. Eng. Mech. 25 (5): 519–540. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2007.25.5.519.
Yap, S. L., and B. Li. 2011. “Experimental investigation of reinforced concrete exterior beam-column subassemblages for progressive collapse.” ACI Struct. J. 108 (5): 542–583.
Yi, W.-J., Q.-F. He, Y. Xiao, and S. K. Kunnath. 2008. “Experimental study on progressive collapse-resistant behavior of reinforced concrete frame structures.” ACI Struct. J. 105 (4): 433–439.
Yu, J., L. Luo, and Y. Li. 2018. “Numerical study of progressive collapse resistance of RC beam-slab substructures under perimeter column removal scenarios.” Eng. Struct. 159 (Mar): 14–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.12.038.
Yu, J., and K. H. Tan. 2014. “Numerical analysis with joint model on RC assemblages subjected to progressive collapse.” Mag. Concr. Res. 66 (23): 1201–1218. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.14.00100.
Yu, J., and K.-H. Tan. 2013. “Experimental and numerical investigation on progressive collapse resistance of reinforced concrete beam column sub-assemblages.” Eng. Struct. 55 (Oct): 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.08.040.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 33 • Issue 6 • December 2019
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 7, 2018
Accepted: Mar 12, 2019
Published online: Aug 28, 2019
Published in print: Dec 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Jan 28, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.