Collapse of a Car Park Canopy
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 28, Issue 4
Abstract
A completed car park canopy collapsed shortly after its completion. The structural system of the car park canopy was a T steel structure of unequal cantilevers connected to the ground at the base with eight 25-mm anchor bolts. The collapse was a progressive one starting with the steel structure located at one end of the roof. An investigation of the causes of collapse was carried out. Before the collapse, the maximum tension acting on an anchor bolt was not more than 10% of the tensile strength of the bolt. This investigation shows that the use of incompatible bolts and nuts such as in the case reported lead to the total loss of the tension capacity of anchor bolts in 3 days.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
ASTM. (2003). “Standard specification for carbon and alloy steel nuts for bolts for high pressure or high temperature service, or both.” A194/A194M–12a, West Conshohocken, PA.
British Constructional Steelwork Association. (2011). Model specification for the purchase of structural bolting assemblies and holding down bolts, British Construction Steelwork Association, London, U.K.
British Standards Institution. (1991). “Specification for holding down bolts.” BS 7419, London.
British Standards Institution. (2000). “Plain washers—Normal series—Product Grade C.” BS EN ISO 7091, London.
British Standards Institution. (2001). “Hexagon nuts, style 1.” Product grades A and B, BS EN ISO 4032, London.
British Standards Institution. (2001). “Hexagon nuts.” Product grades C, BS EN ISO 4034, London, 16.
British Standards Institution. (2005). “+Amendment1 (2010).” Eurocode 1. Actions on structures. General actions. Wind actions, BS EN 1991-1-4, London.
British Standards Institution. (2009). “Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel. Bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes. Coarse thread and fine pitch thread.” BS EN ISO 898-1, London.
British Standards Institution. (2011). “Hexagon head bolts. Product Grades A and B.” BS EN ISO 4014, London.
Buda, J. (1994). “Why bolts fail.” Mach. Des., 66(22), 85–90.
SKF. (2001). Bolt-tightening handbook, Sweden.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 28 • Issue 4 • August 2014
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 26, 2013
Accepted: Dec 20, 2013
Published online: Dec 21, 2013
Published in print: Aug 1, 2014
Discussion open until: Oct 27, 2014
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.