Influence of Coarse Aggregate Size on the Bonding between CFRP Sheets and Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete and Ordinary Concrete
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 26, Issue 2
Abstract
Geopolymers have been employed as a replacement material for cement in construction because they are better for the environment than are other replacement material options. In recent decades, externally bonded carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates have been used to strengthen or repair structures and improve their durability. The efficiency and reliability of a fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) application depends significantly on the effectiveness of the bond between the FRP and the concrete substrate. This study examines the effect of the size of the coarse aggregate (5–10, 10–16, and 16–20 mm) on the bond between CFRP and metakaolin-based geopolymer (MKGP) concrete. The failure mode, failure load, distribution of strain along the bond length, maximum interfacial shear bond stress, effective bond length, local slip at the maximum interfacial shear bond stress, and bond–slip relationship between the CFRP sheet and the concrete substrate are investigated. Results show that the failure loads and maximum interfacial shear bond stress of MKGP specimens decreased with an increase in the size of the coarse aggregate, which can be attributed to the decreased splitting tensile strength of MKGP concrete with increasing size of the coarse aggregate. It was shown that this size affected the bond capacity between the CFRP and the concrete substrate and increased the effective bond length of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and MKGP concrete by up to 24.5% and 46.8%, respectively. The average local slip between CFRP and MKGP concrete at the maximum interfacial shear bond stress increased with the size of the coarse aggregate, due to the decreased splitting tensile strength of MKGP concrete. Experimental results were used to recalibrate prevalent models used to calculate the effective bond length. Models to calculate the effective bond length are proposed that consider the influence of the coarse aggregate size. Popovics’s equations were employed to develop a relationship between the local bond stress and local slip by incorporating the effect of the size of the coarse aggregate. The findings of this study may contribute to the tailoring of bond behavior between CFRP and geopolymer concrete for engineering applications.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51879230, 51978608, and 51950410579), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M662055), Zhejiang Province Selected Funding for Postdoctoral Research Projects (ZJ2019121), and the Foreign Youth Project (QNJ20200011002).
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- c
- coefficient;
- C2
- coefficient;
- d
- coarse aggregate size;
- dn
- maximum coarse aggregate size;
- Ec
- modulus of elasticity of concrete;
- Ef
- modulus of elasticity of FRP;
- cylinder compressive strength;
- cube compressive strength;
- fctm
- mean splitting tensile strength;
- ft
- splitting tensile strength;
- Le
- effective bond length;
- Le,exp
- experimental effective bond length;
- Le,theo
- theoretical effective bond length;
- Le,pre
- predictive effective bond length;
- n
- coefficient;
- s
- local slip;
- s0
- local slip at maximum interfacial shear bond stress;
- tf
- thickness of CFRP sheet;
- xi
- Point i at local axis;
- α
- coefficient;
- β
- coefficient;
- ɛi
- measured strains at Point i;
- τ
- interfacial shear bond stress;
- τi
- interfacial shear bond stress at point i; and
- τmax
- maximum interfacial shear bond stress.
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Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 26 • Issue 2 • April 2022
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Oct 27, 2020
Accepted: Nov 22, 2021
Published online: Jan 27, 2022
Published in print: Apr 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Jun 27, 2022
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