Effect of Corrosion Damage on Service Response of Bridge Girders Strengthened with Posttensioned NSM CFRP Strips
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 21, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper presents the effect of corrosion damage on the service response of prestressed concrete bridge girders strengthened with posttensioned near-surface-mounted (NSM) carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. Three-dimensional finite-element modeling, validated against experimental data, is conducted to deterministically study the static and dynamic behavior of the girders subjected to chloride-induced corrosion for a period of 100 years. With an increase in corrosion damage, the efficacy of the posttensioned NSM CFRP augments from a serviceability perspective. Modal analysis identifies critical regions along the girder where strain localization occurs at certain dynamic excitation frequencies. The unstrengthened girders are more reactive to dynamic responses than their strengthened counterparts; however, both exhibit similar ride quality. Corrosion damage significantly decreases the equivalent flexural rigidity of the decrepit girders up to 30% relative to that of the control girders. The level of damage and the extent of the total potential for the strengthened girders are correlated with the magnitude of their fundamental frequencies.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Strategic Research Project (Development of a Bridge Strengthening Method Using Prestressed FRP Composites) of the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology. Technical contents discussed in this paper are based on the opinion of the writers and do not necessarily represent those of others.
References
AASHTO. (2007). AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, 4th Ed., Washington, DC.
Ahmad, Z. (2006). Principles of corrosion engineering and corrosion control, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, U.K.
Alkhrdaji, T., Nanni, A., and Chen, G. (1999). “Destructive and non-destructive testing of bridge J857 Phelps County.” Technical Rep. CIES 99-08A, Univ. of Missouri-Rolla, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
ANSYS 13.0 [Computer software]. Canonsburg, PA, ANSYS.
Badawi, M., and Soudki, K. (2010). “CFRP repair of RC beams with shear-span and full-span corrosions.” J. Compos. Constr., 323–335.
Bakht, B., and Jaeger, L. G. (1985). Bridge analysis simplified, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Bhargava, K., Ghosh, A. K., Mori, Y., and Ramanujam, S. (2005). “Modeling of time to corrosion-induced cover cracking in reinforced concrete structures.” Cem. Concr. Res., 35(11), 2203–2218.
Cai, C. S., Araujo, M., Chandolu, A., Avent, R. R., and Alaywan, W. (2007). “Diaphragm effects of prestressed concrete girder bridges: Review and discussion.” Pract. Period. Struct. Des. Constr., 161–167.
CHBDC. (2006). “Canadian highway bridge design code.” CAN/CSA-S6-06, Toronto, ON.
Clifron, J. R. (1993). “Predicting the service life of concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 90(6), 611–617.
Corr, R. B., and Jennings, A. (1976). “A simultaneous iteration algorithm for symmetric eigenvalue problems.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 10(3), 647–663.
Dalfre, G. M., and Barros, J. A. O. (2013). “NSM technique to increase the load carrying capacity of continuous RS slabs.” Eng. Struct., 56, 137–153.
Darmawan, M. S., and Stewart, M. G. (2007). “Spatial time-dependent reliability analysis of corroding pretensioned prestressed concrete bridge girders.” Struct. Saf., 29(1), 16–31.
De Lorenzis, L., and Teng, J. G. (2007). “Near-surface mounted FRP reinforcement: An emerging technique for strengthening structures.” Compos. Part B, 38(2), 119–143.
Du, Y. G., Chan, A. H. C., Clark, L. A., Wang, X. T., Gurkalo, F., and Bartos, S. (2013). “Finite element analysis of cracking and delamination of concrete beam due to steel corrosion.” Eng. Struct., 56, 8–21.
Dyer, T. (2014). Concrete durability, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
El-Hacha, R., and Soudki, K. (2014). “Prestressed near-surface mounted fibre reinforced polymer reinforcement for concrete structures—A review.” Can. J. Civil Eng., 40(11), 1127–1139.
El-Hacha, R., Wight, R. G., and Green, M. F. (2003). “Innovative system for prestressing fiber-reinforced polymer sheets.” ACI Struct. J., 100(3), 305–313.
Enright, M. P., and Frangopol, D. M. (1998). “Probabilistic analysis of resistance degradation of reinforced concrete bridge beams under corrosion.” Eng. Struct., 20(11), 960–971.
Jang, S., Li, J., and Spencer, B. F. (2013). “Corrosion estimation of a historic truss bridge using model updating.” J. Bridge Eng., 678–689.
Kasan, J. L., Harries, K. A., Miller, R., and Brinkman, R. J. (2014). “Repair of prestressed-concrete girders combining internal strand splicing and externally bonded CFRP techniques.” J. Bridge Eng., 200–209.
Kayser, J. R., and Nowak, A. S. (1989). “Reliability of corroded steel girder bridges.” Struct. Saf., 6(1), 53–63.
KHC (Korea Highway Corporation). (2001). Standard drawing of highway bridges, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
Khan, M. A. (2010). Bridge and highway structure rehabilitation and repair, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Kim, Y. J., Green, M. F., and Wight, R. G. (2010). “Bond and short-term prestress losses of prestressed composites for strengthening PC beams with integrated anchorage.” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 29(9), 1277–1294.
Kim, Y. J., Hyun, S. W., Kang, J.-Y., and Park, J.-S. (2014). “Anchorage configuration for posttensioned NSM CFRP upgrading constructed bridge girders.” Eng. Struct., 79, 256–266.
Li, S., Xu, Y., Li, H., and Guan, X. (2014). “Uniform and pitting corrosion modeling for high-strength bridge wires.” J. Bridge Eng., 04014025.
O’Connor, A. J., Sheils, E., Breysse, D., and Schoefs, F. (2013). “Markovian bridge maintenance planning incorporating corrosion initiation and nonlinear deterioration.” J. Bridge Eng., 189–199.
Ocon, P., Cristobal, A. B., Herrasti, P., and Fatas, E. (2005). “Corrosion performance of conducting polymer coatings applied on mild steel.” Corros. Sci., 47(3), 649–662.
Saiidi, M., Douglas, B., and Feng, S. (1994). “Prestress force effect on vibration frequency of concrete bridges.” J. Struct. Eng., 2233–2241.
Stallings, J. M., Tedesco, J. W., El-Mihilmy, M., and McCauley, M. (2000). “Field performance of FRP bridge repairs.” J. Bridge Eng., 107–113.
Stewart, M. G., and Rosowsky, D. V. (1998). “Time-dependent reliability of deteriorating reinforced concrete bridge decks.” Struct. Saf., 20(1), 91–109.
Tauchert, T. R. (1974). Energy principles in structural mechanics, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Thoft-Christensen, P., Jensen, F. M., Middleton, C. R., and Blackmore, A. (1996). “Assessment of the reliability of concrete slab bridges.” 7th IFIP WG 7.5 Working Conf., Boulder, CO, 1–8.
Torres-Acosta, A. A., Navarro-Gutierrez, S., and Teran-Guillen, J. (2007). “Residual flexure capacity of corroded reinforced concrete beams.” Eng. Struct., 29(6), 1145–1152.
Vu, K. A. T., and Stewart, M. G. (2000). “Structural reliability of concrete bridges including improved chloride-induced corrosion models.” Struct. Saf., 22(4), 313–333.
Vu, K., Stewart, M. G., and Mullard, J. (2005). “Corrosion-induced cracking: Experimental data and predictive models.” ACI Struct. J., 102(5), 719–726.
Wang, W.-W., Dai, J.-G., Harries, K. A., and Bao, Q.-H. (2012). “Prestress losses and flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with posttensioned CFRP sheets.” J. Compos. Constr., 207–216.
Washa, G. W., and Wendt, K. F. (1975). “Fifty-year properties of concrete.” J. Am. Concr. Inst., 72(1), 29–38.
Xia, P.-Q., and Brownjohn, M. W. (2004). “Bridge structural condition assessment using systematically validated finite element model.” J. Bridge Eng., 418–423.
Youakim, S. A., and Karbhari, V. M. (2007). “An approach to determine long-term behavior of concrete members prestressed with FRP tendons.” Constr. Build. Mater., 21(5), 1052–1060.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 21 • Issue 1 • January 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 10, 2014
Accepted: Feb 27, 2015
Published online: May 26, 2015
Discussion open until: Oct 26, 2015
Published in print: Jan 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.