Seismic Design of Rocking Shallow Foundations: Displacement-Based Methodology
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 19, Issue 11
Abstract
This paper proposes a direct displacement-based design (DDBD) methodology for seismic design of rocking shallow foundations for ordinary bridges under earthquake loads. A multilinear model is developed to represent the backbone curve of the nonlinear moment-rotation behavior. In addition, a new empirical relationship is proposed that correlates the initial rotational stiffness to the moment capacity of a rocking foundation; this correlation is proposed as an alternative to calculation of stiffness based upon elasticity theory. In the proposed design procedure, a bridge system consisting of a deck mass, a rocking foundation, and a damped elastic column is integrated into a single element from which the equivalent linear damping and period can be determined. The DDBD methodology uses the equivalent system damping and period along with a design displacement response spectrum to determine the seismic displacement demand. The approach is checked by comparing displacements predicted by this method to those computed using nonlinear time-history analyses. The methodology also includes provisions to determine footing dimensions to obtain acceptable performance in terms of foundation settlement and lateral sliding. The DDBD methodology is further illustrated with a design example.
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Acknowledgments
The project was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Research (NEESR) Grant 0936503 and the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) Transportation Research Program under the “Last Hurdles for Rocking Foundations for Bridges” project. The authors are grateful to CALTRANS collaborators M. Mahan, T. Shantz, F. Alameddine, and M. Desalvatore for their constructive suggestions during the project; K. Johnson for helping to process the data used in Figs. 1–5, and J. G. Tom of Advanced Geomechanics Pty. Ltd. for his useful comments on early drafts of this paper. Professors M. Aschheim and T. Hutchinson also contributed feedback and ideas that facilitated the development of concepts presented in this paper. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the collaborators and sponsors.
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© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 25, 2013
Accepted: Feb 24, 2014
Published online: Mar 27, 2014
Discussion open until: Aug 27, 2014
Published in print: Nov 1, 2014
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