Anchorage Capacity of Concrete Bridge Barriers Reinforced with GFRP Bars with Headed Ends
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 19, Issue 9
Abstract
An experimental program was conducted to investigate the application of headed glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) ribbed bars at the barrier wall-deck anchorage. Six full-scale barrier models of 1,200 mm in length were erected and tested under static monotonic loading to determine their ultimate load-carrying capacities and failure modes with respect to the barrier wall-deck anchorage. Four PL-2 barrier specimens were cast: two of them were of tapered face and the other two specimens were of parapet type with constant thickness. Each set had a steel-reinforced specimen as the control model and a GFRP-reinforced specimen. In addition, two PL-3 GFRP-reinforced specimens were erected with different spacing of GFRP bars. Each specimen was loaded laterally until collapse. This paper presents the results from these tests in the form of crack pattern, deflection history, and ultimate load-carrying capacity. Experimental results were compared with the design values specified in the Canadian bridge code for barrier anchorage into the deck slabs, showing a large margin of safety for the proposed GFRP-reinforced barriers. In addition, a parametric study was undertaken using finite-element analysis to investigate the applicability of resultant design loads prescribed by the Canadian bridge code for the design of the barrier wall-deck anchorage. The key parameters considered in this study were deck overhang length and thickness and barrier length. The data generated from this parametric study were used to develop set of empirical expressions for the factored applied moment at the barrier-deck interface, as well as the factored tensile force required to design the deck slab cantilever.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the support to this project by Schöck Canada, Inc. (Kitchener, Ontario, Canada). H. Azimi acknowledges the postdoctoral financial support provided from Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies. The continuous support, commitment, and dedication of Mr. Nidal Jaalouk, the senior technical officer at Ryerson University, were an integral part of the experimental work reported in this study.
References
AASHTO. (2009). AASHTO-LRFD bridge design guide specifications for GFRP-reinforced concrete bridge decks and traffic railings, AASHTO, Washington, DC.
AASHTO. (2012). AASHTO-LRFD bridge design specifications, 6th Ed., AASHTO, Washington, DC.
Abolghasem, A., Azimi, H., Sennah, K., and Tropynina, E. (2013). “Experimental study on bond behavior of GFRP group Anchorage.” Proc., CSCE Annual Conf., Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montreal, 1–10.
Buth, C. E., Williams, W. F., Bligh, R. P., Menges, W. L., and Haug, R. R. (2003). “Performance of the TxDOT T202 (MOD) bridge rail reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer bars.” Rep. No. FHWA/TX-03/0-4138-3, Texas Transportation Institute, College Station, TX.
Charron, J. P., Niamba, E., and Massicotte, B. (2011). “Static and dynamic behavior of high- and ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete precast bridge parapets.” J. Bridge Eng., 413–421.
Computers and Structures (2010). Integrated structural analysis and design software, SAP2000, Computers and Structures, Berkeley, CA.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2006a). “Canadian highway bridge design code (CHBDC).” CAN/CSA-S6-06, Toronto.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2006b). “Commentary on CAN/CSA-S6-06, Canadian highway bridge design code (CHBDC).” CAN/CSA-S6.1-06, Toronto.
El-Gamal, S., Tobbi, H., El-Sayed, A., and Benmokrane, B. (2007). “Impact testing of concrete bridge barriers reinforced with new GFRP bars (types 201 and 301).” Technical Rep., Univ. of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 84.
El-Salakawy, E., Benmokrane, B., Masmoudi, R., Brière, F., and Breaumier, E. (2003). “Concrete bridge barriers reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite bars.” ACI Struct. J., 100(6), 815–824.
El-Salakawy, E. F., Masmoudi, R., Benmokrane, B., Briére, F., and Desgagné, G. (2004). “Pendulum impacts into concrete bridge barriers reinforced with GFRP composite bars.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 31(4), 539–552.
ISIS. (2007). “Reinforcing concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymers.” Design manual no. 3, Intelligent sensing for innovative structures (ISIS) Canada Research Network, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Maheu, J., and Bakht, B. (1994). “A new connection between concrete barrier walls and bridge decks.” Proc., 22nd CSCE Annual Conf., Vol. II, Canadian Society of Civil Engineering, Toronto, 224–229.
Matta, F., and Nanni, A. (2009). “Connection of concrete railing post and bridge deck with internal FRP reinforcement.” J. Bridge Eng., 66–76.
Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO). (2008). Structural manual, Ministry of Transportation of Ontario, Bridge Office, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
Schöck Canada (2013). “Schöck ComBAR technical information.” 〈http://www.schoeck.ca〉 (Jul. 14, 2013).
Sennah, K., Juette, B., Weber, A., and Witt, C. (2011). “Vehicle crash testing of a GFRP-reinforces PL-3 concrete bridge barrier.” Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on Durability & Sustainability of Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites for Construction and Rehabilitation, Univ. of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 417–424.
Sennah, K., Patel, G., and Kianoush, R. (2008). “Development of precast barrier wall system for bridge decks.” Rep. No. BRO-000, Ministry of Transportation of Ontario, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
Sennah, K., Tropynina, E., and Mahmoud, Z. (2012). “Ultimate load tests on PL-3 bridge barrier reinforced with GFRP bars with ribbed surface and headed ends.” Proc., 3rd Int. Structural Specialty Conf., Canadian Society of Civil Engineering, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 1–10.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 19 • Issue 9 • September 2014
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 15, 2013
Accepted: Jan 24, 2014
Published online: Feb 20, 2014
Discussion open until: Jul 20, 2014
Published in print: Sep 1, 2014
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.