Distributed Cooperative Search with Collision Avoidance for a Team of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Gradient Optimization
Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 30, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper addresses the cooperative search problem for a team of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with limited field-of-view (FOV) and available overload constraints. First, the models of environment, UAV, image sensor, and communication are established. Second, a modified distributed information fusion strategy based on the Bayesian rule is proposed, which can make all the individual probability maps converge to the same one and reflect the true existence or nonexistence of targets within each cell. Third, a distributed gradient-based optimization method for path planning involved in the cooperative search is proposed and the available overload constraint of the UAV can be taken into account. Fourth, the aforementioned distributed gradient-based optimization method is improved by involving collision avoidance, establishing reasonable safety distance constraints, and using the Lagrange multiplier. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method are validated and demonstrated via simulations.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Armament Fund.
References
Beard, R. W., McLain, T. W., Goodrich, M. A., and Anderson, E. P. (2002). “Coordinated target assignment and intercept for unmanned air vehicles.” IEEE Trans. Rob. Autom., 18(6), 911–922.
Bertsekas, D. P. (1996). Constrained optimization and Lagrange multiplier methods, Athena Scientific, Belmont, MA.
Bertuccelli, L. F., and How, J. P. (2005). “Robust UAV search for environments with imprecise probability maps.” Proc., 44th IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control, IEEE, New York, 5680–5685.
Bertuccelli, L. F., and How, J. P. (2006). “UAV search for dynamic targets with uncertain motion models.” Proc., 45th IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control, IEEE, New York, 5941–5946.
Bourgault, F., Furukawa, T., and Durrant-Whyte, H. F. (2003). “Coordinated decentralized search for a lost target in a Bayesian world.” Proc., IEEE Conf. on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IEEE, New York, 48–53.
Chandler, P. R., et al. (2002). “Complexity in UAV cooperative control.” Proc., American Control Conf., IEEE, New York, 1831–1836.
Chandler, P. R., Rasmussen, S., and Pachter, M. (2000). “UAV cooperative path planning.” Proc., AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conf., AIAA, Reston, VA, 1255–1265.
Cortes, J., Martinez, S., Karatas, T., and Bullo, F. (2004). “Coverage control for mobile sensing networks.” IEEE Trans. Rob. Autom., 20(2), 243–255.
Eun, Y., and Bang, H. (2006). “Cooperative control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles using the potential field theory.” J. Aircraft, 43(6), 1805–1814.
Fave, F. M. D., Xu, Z., Rogers, A., and Jennings, N. R. (2010). “Decentralized coordination of unmanned aerial vehicles for target search using the max-sum algorithm.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 35–44.
Finke, J., Passino, K. M., and Sparks, A. (2003). “Cooperative control via task load balancing for networked uninhabited autonomous vehicles.” Proc., 42nd IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control, IEEE, New York, 31–36.
Flint, M., Polycarpou, M., and Fernandez-Gaucherand, E. (2002). “Cooperative control for multiple autonomous UAV’s searching for targets.” Proc., 41st IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control, IEEE, New York, 2823–2828.
Gage, D. W. (1993). “Randomized search strategies with imperfect sensors.” Proc., Int. Society for Optics and Photonics, International Society for Optics and Photonics, Bellingham, WA, 270–279.
Gan, S. K., Fitch, R., and Sukkarieh, S. (2012). “Real-time decentralized search with inter-agent collision avoidance.” 2012 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, New York, 504–510.
Gan, S. K., and Sukkarieh, S. (2011). “Multi-UAV target search using explicit decentralized gradient-based negotiation.” Proc., IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, New York, 751–756.
Grundel, D. A. (2005). “Searching for a moving target: Optimal path planning.” Proc., IEEE Conf. on Networking, Sensing and Control, IEEE, New York, 867–872.
Guruprasad, K. R., and Ghose, D. (2011). “Automated multi-agent search using centroidal Voronoi configuration.” IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng., 8(2), 420–423.
Guruprasad, K. R., and Ghose, D. (2013). “Performance of a class of multi-robot deploy and search strategies based on centroidal Voronoi configurations.” Int. J. Syst. Sci., 44(4), 680–699.
Hu, J. W., Xie, L. H., Lum, K. Y., and Xu, J. (2013). “Multiagent information fusion and cooperative control in target search.” IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol., 21(4), 1223–1235.
Hu, J. W., Xie, L. H., Xu, J., and Xu, Z. (2014). “Multi-agent cooperative target search.” Sensors, 14(6), 9408–9428.
Jin, Y., Liao, Y., Minai, A. A., and Polycarpou, M. M. (2005). “Balancing search and target response in cooperative unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) teams.” IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B Cybern., 36(3), 571–587.
Kala, R. (2012). “Multi-robot path planning using co-evolutionary genetic programming.” Exp. Syst. Appl., 39(3), 3817–3831.
Khan, A., Yanmaz, E., and Rinner, B. (2014). “Information merging in multi-UAV cooperative search.” Proc., IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, New York, 3122–3129.
Khan, A., Yanmaz, E., and Rinner, B. (2015). “Information exchange and decision making in micro aerial vehicle networks for cooperative search.” IEEE Trans. Control Network Syst., 2(4), 335–347.
Manathara, J. G., Sujit, P. B., and Beard, R. W. (2011). “Multiple UAV coalitions for a search and prosecute mission.” J. Intell. Rob. Syst., 62(1), 125–158.
Mathews, G. M., Durrant-Whyte, H., and Prokopenko, M. (2009). “Decentralised decision making in heterogeneous teams using anonymous optimization.” Rob. Auton. Syst., 57(3), 310–320.
Meng, W., He, Z. R., Teo, R., Su, R., and Xie, L. H. (2015). “Integrated multi-agent system framework: Decentralized search, tasking and tracking.” IET Control Theory Appl., 9(3), 493–502.
Millet, P. T., Casbeer, D. W., Mercker, T., and Bishop, J. L. (2010). “Multi-agent decentralized search of a probability map with communication constraints.” Proc., AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conf., AIAA, Reston, VA.
Polycarpou, M. M., Yang, Y. L., and Passino, K. M. (2001a). “A cooperative search framework for distributed agents.” Proc., 2001 IEEE Int. Symp. on Intelligent Control, IEEE, New York, 1–6.
Polycarpou, M. M., Yang, Y. L., and Passino, K. M. (2001b). “Cooperative control of distributed multi-agent systems.” IEEE Control Syst. Mag., 21, 1–27.
Ryan, A., Zennaro, M., Howell, A., Sengupta, R., and Hedrick, J. K. (2004). “An overview of emerging results in cooperative UAV control.” Proc., 43rd IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control, IEEE, New York, 602–607.
Sharifi, F., Mahboubi, H., Aghdam, A. G., and Zhang, Y. M. (2013). “A coverage strategy with guaranteed collision avoidance in multi-agent systems using navigation functions.” Proc., AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conf., AIAA, Reston, VA, 19–22.
Song, J. M., and Li, K. (2007). “3D route planning algorithm for long range missiles based on A* algorithm.” Trans. Beijing Inst. Technol., 27(7), 613–617 (in Chinese).
Sujit, P. B., and Ghose, D. (2004). “Search using multiple UAVs with flight time constraints.” IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Elect. Syst., 40(2), 491–509.
Szczerba, R. J., Galkowski, P., Glickstein, I. S., and Ternullo, N. (2000). “Robust algorithm for real-time route planning.” IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Elect. Syst., 36(3), 869–878.
Tian, J., Chen, Y., and Shen, L. C. (2007). “Cooperative search algorithm for multi-UAVs in uncertainty environment.” J. Elect. Inf. Technol., 29(10), 2325–2328 (in Chinese).
Tsourdos, A., White, B. A., and Shanmugavel, M. (2011). Cooperative path planning of unmanned aerial vehicles, Wiley, Chichester, U.K.
Vincent, P., and Rubin, I. (2004). “A framework and analysis for cooperative search using UAV swarms.” Proc., 2004 ACM Symp. of Applied Computing, Association for Computing Machinery, Austin, TX, 79–86.
Waharte, S., Trigoni, N., and Julier, S. J. (2009). “Coordinated search with a swarm of UAVs.” Proc., 6th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conf. on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, IEEE, New York, 1–3.
Yang, Y. L., Minai, A. A., and Polycarpou, M. M. (2004). “Decentralized cooperative search by networked UAVs in an uncertain environment.” Proc., 2004 American Control Conf., IEEE, New York, 5558–5563.
Yang, Y. L., Polycarpou, M. M., and Minai, A. A. (2007). “Multi-UAV cooperative search using an opportunistic learning method.” J. Dyn. Syst. Measur. Control, 129(5), 716–728.
Zhang, B. C., Liu, W. Q., Mao, Z. L., Liu, J. Z., and Shen, L. L. (2014). “Cooperative and geometric learning algorithm (CGLA) for path planning of UAVs with limited information.” Automatica, 50(3), 809–820.
Zhang, H. Y., and Wang, Q. (2006). Optimal control theory and application, Higher Education Press.
Zhang, M. Q., Song, J. M., and Xue, R. B. (2015). “Multiple UAVs cooperative search under limited communication range.” Syst. Eng. Theory Pract., 35(11), 2980–2986 (in Chinese).
Zheng, C. W., Li, L., Xu, F. J., Sun, F. C., and Ding, M. Y. (2005). “Evolutionary route planner for unmanned air vehicles.” IEEE Trans. Rob., 21(4), 609–620.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 30, 2015
Accepted: May 4, 2016
Published online: Jul 15, 2016
Discussion open until: Dec 15, 2016
Published in print: Jan 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.