Abstract

This paper presents a case study of prefabricated double-layer pultruded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) grids for bridge deck construction. These grids were used to reinforce a 39.6m long by 13.7m wide (130 by 45ft ) bridge deck on US Highway 151 over the De Neveu Creek in Wisconsin. The Federal Highway Administration Innovative Bridge Research and Construction Program invested resources in this program to investigate new uses for off-the-shelf technologies in constructing highway bridges. The feasibility of modifying manufacturing techniques to create innovative double-layer, 3D pultruded, FRP grids measuring 12.9m long by 2.4m wide by 16.5cm deep ( 42ft 6in. by 8ft by 6 1/2 in.) was investigated. In addition, the feasibility of placing the grids rapidly and constructing a bridge deck was also demonstrated. The FRP grids were required to meet a prescriptive material specification and a structural performance specification. Shear connectors were designed by the manufacturer to join large top and bottom grids to form an integrated 3D reinforcing module. From a construction perspective, the reinforcement grids were designed to be moved in a single lift of a crane and placed on the bridge girders. The paper reports on the development of the FRP 3D grids and provides details on the construction aspects of the bridge project.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this project was provided by the Federal Highway Administration (FHwA) through the Innovative Bridge Research and Construction Program (IBRC) and by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT). Special thanks are due to Jay Carter of Alfred Benesch & Co., Dave Sweere of Lunda Construction, and Stan Woods, Gerry Anderson, Finn Hubbard, and Bao Tran of WisDOT for their contributions to this innovative project. Thanks to Prof. A. Nanni and the University of Missouri-Rolla for assistance with the load testing.

References

AASHTO. (2002). “Standard specifications for highway bridges.” 17th Ed., Washington, D.C.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2003). “Guide for the design and construction of concrete reinforced with FRP bars.” 440.1R-03, Farmington Hills, Mich.
Anderson, G. R., Bank, L. C., and Munley, E. (1994). “Durability of concrete reinforced with pultruded fiber reinforced plastic grid.” Proc., 49th Annual SPI Conf., Composites Institute, Society for the Plastics Industry, Cincinnati, 1–7.
Bank, L. C., and Xi, Z. (1993a). “Pultruded FRP grid as a reinforcement for concrete.” Proc., 48th Annual SPI Conf., Composites Institute, Society for the Plastics Industry, Cincinnati, 1–6.
Bank, L. C., and Xi, Z. (1993b). “Pultruded FRP grid reinforced concrete slabs.” Int. Symp. on Fiber-Reinforced-Plastic for Concrete Structures, A. Nanni and C. W. Dolan, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 561–583.
Bank, L. C., and Xi, Z. (1995). “Punching shear behavior of pultruded FRP grid reinforced concrete slabs.” Nonmetallic (FRP) reinforcement for concrete structures, L. Taerwe, ed., E&FN Spon, London, 360–367.
Bank, L. C., Xi, Z., and Munley, E. (1992). “Performance of doubly-reinforced pultruded grid/concrete slabs.” Advanced composite materials in bridges and structures, K. W. Neale and P. Labossiere eds., Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montreal, 351–360.
Bank, L. C., Gentry, T. R., Thompson, B. P., and Russell, J. S. (2003). “A model specification for FRP composites for civil engineering structures.” Constr. Build. Mater., 17(6–7), 405–437.
Benmokrane, B., El-Salakawy, E., Desgagne, G., and Lackey, T. (2004). “FRP bars for bridges.” Concr. Int., 26(8), 84–90.
Bradberry, T. E., and Wallace, S. (2003). “FRP-reinforced concrete in Texas transportation—Past, present, future.” Field applications of FRP reinforcement: Case studies, S. Rizkalla and A. Nanni, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 37–54.
Conachen, M. J. (2005). “Modular 3-D FRP reinforcing system for a bridge deck in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin.” MS thesis, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.
El-Salakawy, E., and Benmokrane, B. (2003). “Design and testing of a highway concrete bridge deck reinforced with glass and carbon FRP bars.” SP215: Field applications of FRP reinforcement: Case studies, S. Rizkalla and A. Nanni, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 3–36.
Jacobson, D. A. (2004). “Experimental and analytical study of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) grid-reinforced concrete bridge decking.” Master of science thesis, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.
Jacobson, D. A., Bank, L. C., Oliva, M. G., and Russell, J. S. (2004). “Punching shear in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bi-layer grid-reinforced concrete bridge decks.” Proc., 83rd Annual Transportation Research Board Meeting (CD-ROM), Washington, D.C.
Steffen, R., Scott, D., Goodspeed, C., Bowman, M., and Trunfio, J. (2003). “Design issues and constructibility of a CFRP grid reinforced bridge deck.” High performance materials in bridges, A. Azizinamini, A. Yakel, and M. Abdelrahman, eds., ASCE, Reston, Va, 106—116.

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Go to Journal of Composites for Construction
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 10Issue 3June 2006
Pages: 204 - 212

History

Received: Mar 22, 2005
Accepted: Jun 10, 2005
Published online: Jun 1, 2006
Published in print: Jun 2006

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Lawrence C. Bank, F.ASCE [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: [email protected]
Michael G. Oliva [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: [email protected]
Jeffrey S. Russell, F.ASCE [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: [email protected]
David A. Jacobson [email protected]
Design Engineer, Structural Division, KPFF Consulting Engineers, 6080 Center Dr., Suite 300, Los Angeles, CA 90045; formerly, Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: [email protected]
Mack Conachen [email protected]
Design Engineer, HDR, 251 South Lake Ave., Suite 1000, Pasadena, CA 91101-3020; formerly, Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil andEnvironmental Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: [email protected]
Bruce Nelson [email protected]
Strongwell, Route 52 South, Chatfield, MN 55923. E-mail: [email protected]
Dennis McMonigal [email protected]
Strongwell, Route 52 South, Chatfield, MN 55923. E-mail: [email protected]

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