Structural Model to Predict the Failure Behavior of Plated Reinforced Concrete Beams
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 8, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper presents a theoretical model, based on truss analogy, to analyze the structural behavior at failure of reinforced concrete beams with steel plates or fiber-reinforced polymer lamitates bonded to their tension faces. The analytical approach, incorporated in the framework of strut-and-tie models, takes into account the nonlinear behavior of materials and of the structural member. In addition, it includes the load transfer mechanism to reflect the plate-debonding phenomenon and associated cracking of concrete cover, both of which play a critical role in the failure process of plated beams. The model, which takes into consideration all the possible failure modes of plated beams, is capable of predicting the beam load-carrying capacity at ultimate and, also, of indicating the associated mode of failure. It aims to develop a rational engineering analysis in a field which until now has been studied with linear elastic approaches or empirical methods. The proposed model has been validated by comparing the results obtained in the present analysis with over a hundred experimental results available in published literature. Furthermore, the results obtained with the present analysis are compared with those obtained by two other models, and it is shown that the model proposed here provides a consistent and satisfactory correlation with a wide range of reinforced concrete beam tests strengthened with steel or polymer composite plates.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
ACI Committee 440. (2000). Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Structures, American Concrete Institute, Detroit.
Ahmed, O. A. F. (2000). “Strengthening of R. C. beams by means of externally bonded CFRP laminates. Improved Model for Plate-End Shear.” PhD thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Catholicke University of Leuven, Belgium.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (1992). “Manual of Concrete Practise.” Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318-89), Detroit.
Arduini, M., Di Tommaso, A., and Nanni, A.(1997). “Brittle failure in FRP plate and sheet bonded beams.” ACI Struct. J., 94(4), 363–370.
Colotti, V., and Spadea, G.(2001). “Shear strength of RC beams strengthened with bonded steel or FRP plates.” J. Struct. Eng., 127(4), 367–373.
David, E., Djelal, C., and Buyle-Bodin, F. (1997). “Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using composite materials.” Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on Structural Faults and Repair, Vol. 2, 169–173.
Eurocode No. 2. (1992). “Design of concrete structures. Part 1: General rules and rules for buildings.” Commission of the European Communities.
Garden, H. N., Hollaway, L. C., and Thorne, A. M. (1997). “A preliminary evaluation of carbon fibre reinforced polymer plates for strengthening reinforced concrete members.” Proc., Institution of Civil Engineering Structures and Buildings, 123, 127–142.
Garden, H. N., Quantrill, R. J., Hollaway, L. C., Thorne, A. M., and Parke, G. A. R.(1998). “An experimental study of the anchorage length of carbon fibre composite plates used to strengthen reinforced concrete beams.” Constr. Build. Mater., 12(1988), 203–219.
Hussain, M., Sharif, A., Basunbul, I. A., Baluch, M. H., and Al-Sulaimani, G. J.(1995). “Flexural behaviour of precracked reinforced concrete beams strengthened externally by steel plates.” ACI Struct. J., 92(1), 14–22.
Jansze, W. (1997). “Strengthening of R. C. members in bending by externally bonded steel plates.” PhD thesis, Delft Univ. of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
Jones, R., Swamy, R. N., and Ang, T. H.(1982). “Under- and over-reinforced concrete beams with glued steel plates.” Int. J. Cem. Compos. Lightw. Concr., 4(1), 19–32.
Jones, R., Swamy, R. N., and Charif, A.(1988). “Plate separation and anchorage of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by epoxy-bonded steel plates.” Struct. Eng., 66(5), 85–94.
Juvandes, L., Figueiras, J. A., and Marques, A. T. (1998). “Performance of concrete beams strengthened with CFRP laminates.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Composites in Infrastructure, 126–137.
Malek, A. M., Saadatmanesh, H., and Ehsani, M. R.(1998). “Prediction of failure load of RC beams strengthened with FRP plate due to stress concentration at the plate end.” ACI Struct. J., 91(2), 142–152.
Matthys, S. (2000). “Structural behaviour and design of concrete members strengthened with externally bonded FRP reinforcement.” PhD thesis, Dept. of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ghent Univ., Ghent.
Mukhopadhyaya, P., and Swamy, R. N. (1999). “Critical review of plate anchorage stresses in premature debonding failures of plate bonded reinforced concrete beams.” Proc. 4th Int. Symp. on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures, ACI SP-188, 359–368.
Mukhopadhyaya, P., and Swamy, R. N.(2001). “Interface shear stress: A new design criterion for plate debonding.” J. Compos. Constr., 5(1), 35–43.
Nielsen, M. P., and Braestrup, M. W.(1975). “Plastic shear strength of reinforced concrete beams.” Bygningsstatiske Meddelelser, 46(3), 61–99.
Nielsen, M. P. (1984). Limit analysis and concrete plasticity, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
Oehlers, D. J.(1992). “Reinforced concrete beams with plates glued to their soffits.” J. Struct. Eng., 118(8), 2023–2037.
Quantrill, R. J., Hollaway, L. C., and Thorne, A. M.(1996a). “Experimental and analytical investigation of FRP strengthened beam response: Part I.” Mag. Concrete Res., 48(177), 331–342.
Quantrill, R. J., Hollaway, L. C., and Thorne, A. M.(1996b). “Predictions of the maximum plate end stresses of FRP strengthened beams: Part II.” Mag. Concrete Res., 48(177), 343–351.
Ritchie, P. A., Thomas, D. A., Lu, L. W., and Connelly, G. M.(1991). “External reinforcement of concrete beams using fiber reinforced plastics.” ACI Struct. J., 88(4), 490–500.
Roberts, T. M.(1989). “Approximate analysis of shear and normal stress concentrations in the adhesive layer of plated RC beams.” Struct. Eng., 67(12), 229–233.
Ross, C. A., Jerome, D. M., Tedesco, J. W., and Hughes, M.(1999). “Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with externally bonded composite laminates.” ACI Struct. J., 96(2), 212–220.
Saadatmanesh, H., and Ehsani, M. R.(1991). “RC beams strengthened with GFRP plates. I: Experimental study.” J. Struct. Eng., 117(11), 3417–3433.
Schlaich, J., Schafer, K., and Jennewein, M.(1987). “Toward a consistent design of structural concrete.” PCI J., 32(3), 74–150.
Sharif, A., Al-Sulaimani, G. J., Basunbul, I. A., Baluch, M. H., and Ghaleb, B. N.(1994). “Strengthening of initially loaded reinforced concrete beams using FRP plates.” ACI Struct. J., 91(2), 160–168.
Spadea, G., Bencardino, F., and Swamy, R. N. (1997). “Strengthening and upgrading structures with bonded CFRP sheets: Design aspects for structural integrity.” Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, Vol. 1, 629–636.
Spadea, G., Swamy, R. N., and Bencardino, F.(2001). “Strength and ductility of RC beams repaired with bonded CFRP laminates.” J. Bridge Eng., 6(5), 349–355.
Swamy, R. N., Jones, R., and Charif, A. (1986). “Shear adhesion properties of epoxy resin adhesive.” Proc. Int. Symp., 741–755.
Swamy, R. N., Jones, R., and Bloxham, J. W.(1987). “Structural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by epoxy-bonded steel plates.” Struct. Eng., 65(2), 59–68.
Swamy, R. N., and Mukhopadhyaya, P. (1999). “Debonding of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer plate from concrete beams.” Proc., Institution of Civil Engineers, Structures and Buildings, 134, 301–317.
Swamy, R. N., Mukhopadhyaya, P., and Lynsdale, C. J.(1999). “Strengthening for shear of RC beams by external plate bonding.” Struct. Eng., 77(12), 19–30.
Tan, K. H., and Mathivoli, M. (1999). “Behavior of preloaded reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fiber sheets.” Proc., 4th Int. Symp. on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures, ACI SP-188, 159–170.
Zhang, S., Raoof, M., and Wood, L. A. (1995). “Prediction of peeling failure of reinforced concrete beams with externally bonded steel plates.” Proc., Institution Civil Engineering Structures & Buildings, 110, August, 257–268.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 8 • Issue 2 • April 2004
Pages: 104 - 122
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 11, 2002
Accepted: Dec 17, 2002
Published online: Mar 15, 2004
Published in print: Apr 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.