Environmental Effects on the Short-Term Bond of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composites
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are being increasingly used in many structural applications due to their excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance characteristics. CFRP sheets and strips are being used to strengthen waterfront concrete structures, such as piers and wharves. The CFRP reinforcements are bonded to beams, piles, and decks using structural adhesives. Adhesive strength can be affected by both short-term and long-term environmental exposure. In the current study, short-term effects of temperature, moisture, and chloride content on the CFRP adhesion are evaluated using pull-off tests. Three structural adhesives were chosen to assess the effects of three different temperatures and four different relative humidities on the CFRP adhesion to concrete cubes. In the case of concrete piles exposed to marine conditions, the effect of superficial chloride content on the short-term bond strength was also investigated. It was shown that high relative humidity may reduce bond strength below acceptable levels.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
ASTM D 4541 (1999). “Standard test method for pull-off strength of coatings using portable adhesion testers.” Annual Books of ASTM Standards, 6(02), West Conshohocken, Pa., 344–347.
Basheer, P. A. M., McCauley, A., and Long, A. E. (1997). “Influence of moisture condition of concrete on the performance of surface treatments.” Proc., 4th CANMET/ACI International Conference, SP-170 Durability of Concrete, 2, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1049–1072.
Beran, J. A. (1998). “Correlation of surface chloride concentration of a pile exposed to the marine environment to the adhesiveness of a commercially available epoxy.” Contract Report CR-98.19-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, Calif.
Joshi, N. R. (1998). “Effect of moisture and temperature of cement mortar surfaces on quality of adhesive bond.” Contract Rep. CR-98.18-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, Calif.
Long, A. E., and Murray, A. (1984). “The ‘pull-off’ partially destructive test for concrete.” In Situ Nondestructive Testing of Concrete, ACI SP-82, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich.
Malvar, L. J. (1998a). “Durability of composites in concrete.” CDCC’98, First International Conference on Durability of Composites for Construction, R. Benmokrane and H. Rahman (eds.), Univ. of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, 361–372.
Malvar, L. J. (1998b). Navy advanced composite technology in waterfront infrastructure, 1997-98 compendium of publications, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, Calif.
Malvar, L. J., Warren, G. E., and Inaba, C. M. (1995). “Rehabilitation of Navy pier beams with composite sheets.” Proc., 2nd FRP International Symposium, Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcements for Concrete Structures, L. Taerwe, ed., E&FN Spon, London, 533-540.
Malvar, L. J., Warren, G. E., and Inaba, C. M. (1996). “Composite applications in the Navy waterfront unfrastructure.” Materials for the New Millenium, Proc., 4th ASCE Materials Conference, K. P. Chong (ed.), ASCE, 1,179–1,188.
Novinson, T. (1983). “Adhesives for naval shore construction, repair and maintenance.” Technical Memorandum TM 52-83-12, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, Calif.
Vaysburd, A. M., and McDonald, J. E. (1999). “An evaluation of equipment and procedures for tensile bond testing of concrete repairs.” Technical Rep. REMR-CS-61, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
Warren, G. E. (1997). “Demonstration program for waterfront structures repair and upgrade, site No 1: Pier 11 NAVSTA Norfolk.” Site Specific Rep. SSR-2295-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, Calif.
Warren, G. E. (1998). “Waterfront repair and upgrade, advanced technology demonstration site No. 2: Pier 12, NAVSTA San Diego.” Site Specific Rep. SSR-2419-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, Calif.
Warren, G. E. (2000). “Pier upgrade, demonstration Site No. 3 – Bravo 25, NAVSTA Pearl Harbor, HI.” Site Specific Rep. SSR-2567-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, Calif.
Watson, R. J. (1998). “Case histories of structural rehabilitation utilizing composites in industrial and marine environments.” Fiber Composites in Infrastructure, ICCI’98, 2nd Int. Conf. on Composites in Infrastructure, H. Saadatmanesh and M. R. Ehsani, eds., Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., 113–125.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 19, 2000
Accepted: Mar 26, 2001
Published online: Jan 15, 2003
Published in print: Feb 2003
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.