Comparison of Extractants for Removal of Lead, Zinc, and Phenanthrene from Manufactured Gas Plant Field Soil
Publication: Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management
Volume 12, Issue 4
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals found at former manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites are of major environmental concern. An investigation is made into evaluating the capability of various extractants including surfactants, cosolvents, chelating agents, acids, and cyclodextrins for removing phenanthrene, lead, and zinc from a contaminated MGP soil. The determination of the most promising extracting solutions is critical for the development of effective treatment technologies such as soil washing/flushing and electrokinetic remediation. MGP contaminated soil was silty sand with 11% organic matter containing higher levels of phenanthrene and two heavy metals (lead and zinc). Several batch tests were conducted using the soil with different extracting solutions at various concentrations to enhance the removal efficiency and to optimize the concentration of each extractant. The test results showed that both surfactants (Igepal CA-720 and Tween 80) at a wide range of concentrations were effective for the removal of phenantherene from the soil. Only selective cosolvents and cyclodextrins (n-butylamine and HPCD) at higher concentrations were found to be effective in the solubilization of phenanthrene. Selective acids (citric acid and phosphoric acid) were found to be effective in the removal of heavy metals, while chelating agents (EDTA and DTPA) resulted in a moderate heavy metal removal. Overall, none of the selected extractants removed both heavy metals and PAHs; therefore, sequential extraction schemes using the selected extractants were investigated. The sequential use of 5% Tween 80 followed by citric acid was found to remove over 90% phenanthrene and over 70% lead and nickel each from the MGP soil.
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Information
Published In
Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management
Volume 12 • Issue 4 • October 2008
Pages: 230 - 238
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Oct 3, 2005
Accepted: Dec 3, 2007
Published online: Oct 1, 2008
Published in print: Oct 2008
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