Strength Properties of Hexametaphosphate Treated Soils
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 134, Issue 8
Abstract
The present technical note focuses on the potential application of sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP) in geo-environmental engineering. HMP may have many applications in geotechnical and geo-environmental engineering such as: improvement and stabilization of tailing dams, rehabilitation of old landfills, construction of new clay liners, containment and permeable barriers, etc. In this technical note, it is observed that the strength of silty-clayey sand containing a high concentration of metals (like tailings) is increased by mixing of HMP. On the other hand the strength of the kaolinite clay that may be used during the construction of a liner has been reduced by mixing with HMP. In order to study the influence of HMP, soil mixtures with various amount of HMP are prepared to conduct unconfined compression tests. The strength of the HMP-treated kaolinite specimens is always less than the kaolinite specimens for four weeks. HMP has decreased the strength of silty sand during the first days. However, the cations in the soil (specially Ca and Fe) may lead to precipitation and sorption mechanism to govern and, therefore, the strength increases noticeably up to 740%.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Alshawabkeh, A. N., and Sheahan, T. (2002). “Stabilizing fine-grained soils by phosphate electrogrouting.” Transportation Research Record. 1787, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 53–60.
Ghazali, F. M., Baghdadi, Z. A., and Khan, A. M. (1991). “Overconsolidated behavior of phosphoric acid and lime-stabilized kaolin clay.” Transportation Research Record. 1295, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Hopkins, B., and Ellsworth, J. (2005). “Phosphorus availability with alkaline/calcareous soil.” Proc., Western Nutrient Management Conf., Vol. 6, Oregon State University, Department of Crop and Soil Science, Salt Lake City.
Lee, J., Shackelford, C. D., Benson, C. H., Jo, H., and Edil, T. B. (2005). “Correlating index properties and hydraulic conductivity of geosynthetic clay liners.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 131(11), 1319–1329.
Ozkan, S., Gale, R. J., and Seals, R. K. (1999). “Electrokinetic stabilization of kaolinite by Injection of Al and ions.” Ground Improv, 3(4), 135–144.
Rietra, R. P. J. J., Hiemstra, T., and van Riemsdijk, W. H. (2001). “Interaction between calcium and phosphate adsorption on goethite.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 3369–3374.
Sokolovich, V. E. (1973). “Acids as chemical stabilizers of clay soils.” J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., 10(4), 271–273.
Spance, R. D., and Shi, C. (2005). Stabilization and solidification of hazardous, radioactive and mixed wastes, 1st Ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
Yeoh, N. S., and Oades, J. M. (1981). “Properties of soils and clays after acid treatment. I. Clay Minerals.” Austral. J. Soil Res., 19(2) 147–158.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 134 • Issue 8 • August 2008
Pages: 1215 - 1218
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Jan 16, 2007
Accepted: Nov 12, 2007
Published online: Aug 1, 2008
Published in print: Aug 2008
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.