Stress Zones near Displacement Piers: II. Radial Cracking and Wedging
This article is a reply.
VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLEThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 1
Abstract
Transient liquefaction of saturated soils near Rammed Aggregate Piers is described in Part I on the basis of radial stress measurements. This is supported by dynamic pore-water pressure measurements, as peak pore pressures approximately equal radial stresses imposed at the pier surface by ramming. Stress measurements outside of the liquefied/plastic zone indicate radial tension cracking in the elastic zone, which is consistent with the observation that pore pressures abruptly drop and momentarily can even become negative as soon as ramming stops. The drainage field created by extended radial cracking and hydraulic fracturing allows Rammed Aggregate Piers to be effective in saturated, fine-grained soils where other dynamic methods are reported to be less effective. Stress measurements indicate that liquefied soil injected into open tension cracks causes stress to be retained in the elastic zone through arching action. A stress path analysis indicates that lateral stress may play an important role in control of foundation settlement, by simulating an increase in the preconsolidation pressure without vertically surcharging the soil or waiting for it to consolidate.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
More detailed acknowledgements are included in Part I of this series. Cone data and interpretations were by Geotechnical Services, Inc., Omaha, with Steven Saye the senior engineer. Pore-pressure measurements were made as part of a research project at the Spangler Geotechnical Laboratory of Iowa State University, sponsored by the Iowa DOT. The investigation demonstrates the complementary relationship between theory, measurements, and models, and suggests the limitations that would derive from a dependence on one of these approachs without the others. The writers gratefully acknowledge the contributions of many students and colleagues who were involved at one time or another in the research and discussions. The writers serve as research consultants for Geopier, a subsidiary of the Tensar Corporation.
References
Baguelin, F., Jézéquel, J. F., and Shields, D. H. (1978). The pressuremeter and foundation engineering, Trans Tech Publications, Clasuthal, Germany.
Carter, J. P., and Randolph, M. F. (1979). “Discussion of ‘New aspects of soil fracturing in clay’ by K. Massarch.” J. Geotech. Eng. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 105(8), 993–995.
Handy, R. L. (2001). “Does lateral stress really control settlement?” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 127(7), 623–626.
Lawton, E. C., and Merry, S. M. (2000). “Performance of Geopier-supported foundations during simulated seismic tests on northbound Interstate 15 Bridge over South Temple, Salt Lake City, Utah.” Rep. No. UUCVEEN 00-03, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Massarch, K. R. (1978). “New aspects of soil fracturing in clay.” J. Geotech. Eng. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 104(8), 1109–1123.
Mitchell, J. K. (1982). “Soil improvement—State of the art report.” Proc., 10th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 4, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 509–566.
Murphy, G. (1946). Advanced mechanics of materials, McGraw–Hill, New York.
Schmertmann, J. (1991). “The mechanical aging of soils.” J. Geotech. Eng., 117(9), 1288–1330.
Vesić, A. S. (1972). “Expansion of cavities in infinite soil mass.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 98(3), 265–290.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Aug 24, 2004
Accepted: Jun 9, 2005
Published online: Jan 1, 2006
Published in print: Jan 2006
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.