Evaluation of a Minimum Base Resistance for Driven Pipe Piles in Siliceous Sand
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 128, Issue 3
Abstract
This paper provides a rational method for evaluating a realistic lower bound for the base resistance of pipe piles in siliceous sand. Separate expressions are developed to represent the response to load of the pile plug, the sand below the pile base, and the sand below the pile annulus. These expressions are combined to give the overall base response of a pipe pile. Predicted responses are compared with databases compiled on the ultimate capacities of pipe piles and with base pressure-displacement characteristics observed in static load tests. The estimations are shown to match observed base resistances of large diameter piles for which the coring mode of penetration during driving dominates.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
American Petroleum Institute RP2A-WSD. (1993). “Recommended practice of planning, designing and constructing fixed offshore platforms—Working stress design.” 20th Ed., Washington, 59–61.
Berezantzev, V. C., Khristoforov, V., and Golubkov, V. (1961). “Load bearing capacity and deformation of pile foundations.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics Foundations in Engineering, Paris, 2, 11–15.
Brucy, F., Meunier, K., and Nauroy, J. F. (1991). “Behaviour of pile plug in sandy soils during and after driving.” Proc., 23rd Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, OTC 6514, 145–154.
Chin, F. L. (1972). “The inverse slope as a prediction of ultimate bearing capacity of soils.” Proc., 2nd SE Asian Conf. on Soil Engineering, Singapore, 81–92.
Chow, F. (1997). “Investigations into the behaviour of displacement piles for offshore structures.” PhD thesis, Univ. of London (Imperial College).
de Nicola, A., and Randolph, M. F.(1997). “The plugging behaviour of driven and jacked piles in sand.” Geotechnique, 47(4), 841–856.
de Nicola, A., and Randolph, M. F.(1999). “Centrifuge modelling of pipe piles in sand under axial loads.” Geotechnique, 49(3), 295–318.
Fahey, M. (1996). “High pressure oedometer tests on silica sand.” Rep. No. Geo:96178, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6151.
Fleming, W. G. K.(1992). “A new method for single pile settlement prediction and analysis.” Geotechnique, 42(3), 411–425.
Hight, D. W., Lawrence, D. M., Farquhar, G. B., Milligan, G. W., Gue, S. S., and Potts, D. M. (1996). “Evidence for scale effects in the bearing capacity of open-ended piles in sand.” Proc., 28th Int. Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, OTC 7975, 181–192.
Houlsby, G. T., and Wroth, C. P.(1991). “The variation of shear modulus of a clay with pressure and overconsolidation ration.” Soils Found. Jpn., 31(3), 138–143.
Jamiolkowski, M., Ladd, C. C., Germaine, J. T., and Lancellotta, R. (1985). “New developments in field and laboratory testing of soils.” Proc., 11th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundations in Engineering., Balkema, Rotterdam, 57–153.
Jardine, R. J., and Chow, F. C. (1996). “New design methods for offshore piles.” MTD publication 96/103, Marine Technology Dept., London, UK.
Lee, J. H., and Salgado, R.(1999). “Determination of pile base resistance in sands.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 125(8), 673–683.
Lehane, B. M., and Gavin, K. G.(2001). “Base resistance of jacked pipe piles in sand.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 127(6), 473–480.
Lings, M. L. (1985). “The skin friction of driven piles in sand.” MSc thesis, Univ. of London (Imperial College).
Liyanapathirana, D. S., Deeks, A. J., and Randolph, M. F.(1998). “Numerical analysis of soil plug behaviour inside open-ended piles during driving.” Int. J. Num. Anal. Methods Geomech., 22(4), 303–322.
Lunne, T., Robertson, P. K., and Powell, J. J. M. (1997). Cone penetration testing in geotechnical practice, Blackie Academic, London, UK.
Matsumoto, T., and Takei, M. (1990). “Analysis of an offshore driven pipe pile—a case history.” Proc., Conf. on Deep Foundation Practice, Singapore, International Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 153–160.
Murff, J. D., Raines, R. D., and Randolph, M. F. (1990). “Soil plug behaviour of piles in sand.” Proc., 22nd Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, OTC 6421, 25–32.
Nakata, Y., Kato, Y., Hyodo, M., Murata, H., and Hyde, A. F. L. (1999). “Single particle crushing and the mechanical behavior of sand.” Pre-failure deformation characteristics of geomaterials, Balkema, Rotterdam.
Paik, K. H., and Lee, S. R.(1993). “Behaviour of soil plugs in open-ended model piles driven into sands.” Mar. Georesources Geotechnology, 11, 353–373.
Pestana, J., and Whittle, A. J.(1995). “Compression model for cohesionless soils.” Geotechnique, 45(4), 611–631.
Poulos, H. G.(1989). “Pile behaviour—theory and application.” Geotechnique, 39(3), 365–415.
Pump, W., Korista, S., and Scott, J. (1998). “Installation and load tests of deep piles in Shanghai alluvium.” Proc., VII Int. Conf. on piling and deep foundations, Vienna, 1, Deep Foundations Institute, USA, 31–36.
Ramsey, N., Jardine, R. J., Lehane, B. M., and Ridley, A. (1998). “A review of soil-steel interface testing with the ring shear apparatus.” Proc., VI Conf. on Offshore Site Investigation and Foundation Behaviour, Society for Underwater Technology, London, 237–258.
Randolph, M. F., Leong, E. C., and Houlsby, G. T.(1991). “One dimensional analysis of soil plugs in pipe piles.” Geotechnique, 41(4), 587–598.
Randolph, M. F., Leong, E. C., and May, M. (1989). “Soil response in Barracouta pipe piles.” Rep. No. Geo:89073, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6151.
Shioi, Y., Yoshida, O., Meta, T., and Homma, M. (1992). “Estimation of bearing capacity of steel pipe pile by static loading test and stress-wave theory.” Application of stress-wave theory to piles, Balkema, Rotterdam.
Stevens, R. F. (1988). “The effect of a soil plug on pile drivability in clay.” Proc., III Int. Conf. on Applications of Stress Wave Theory to Piles, Ottawa, Balkema, Rotterdam, 861–868.
Tomlinson, M. J. (1995). Pile design and construction practice, 4th Ed., E & FN Spon, London, U.K.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 128 • Issue 3 • March 2002
Pages: 198 - 205
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 1, 2000
Accepted: May 21, 2001
Published online: Mar 1, 2002
Published in print: Mar 2002
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.