Soil Deformation and Excess Pore Pressure Field around a Closed-Ended Pile
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 128, Issue 1
Abstract
Numerous field and laboratory research projects have examined loading conditions, total soil stresses, and excess pore pressures during and following pile installation. Recently, a large number of seismic retrofitting projects for bridges in California have revealed the need for well-documented field tests evaluating the effect of pile installation on the static and dynamic properties of soft clays. This paper documents the geotechnical field investigation and field monitoring program, which included measurements of excess pore pressure and horizontal deformations at three radial distances from a full-scale closed-ended pile driven into a deep deposit of Young Bay Mud. Significant excess pore pressures developed as a result of pile driving and they are a function of distance to the pile wall. Lateral deformations decrease with increasing distance from the pile and can be approximately described by the cylindrical cavity expansion method. Inclinometer measurements show lateral deformation towards the pile wall as the excess pore pressure dissipates. These measurements are essential in the calibration and validation of analytical techniques to predict changes in properties of the foundation soil.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Airhart, T. P., Coyle, H. M., Hirsch, T. J., and Buchanan, S. J.(1969). “Pile-soil system response in a cohesive soil.” Performance of Deep Foundations, ASTM STP, 444, 264–294.
Azzouz, A. S., and Morrison, M. J.(1988). “Field measurements on model pile in two clay deposits. J. Geotech. Eng. 114(1), 104–121.
Blanchet, R., Tavenas, F., and Garneau, R.(1980). “Behaviour of friction piles in soft sensitive clays.” Can. Geotech. J., 17(2), 203–224.
Bogard, J. D., and Matlock, H. (1990a). “In-situ pile segment model experiments at Empire, Louisiana. Proc., 22nd Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, Paper No. 6323, 459–467.
Bogard, J. D., and Matlock, H. (1990b). “In-situ pile segment model experiments at Harvey, Louisiana.” Proc., 22nd Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, Paper No. 6324, 469–477.
Bogard, J. D., Matlock, H., and Chan, J. H. C. (1991). “In-situ model pile experiments at West Delta 58A.” Proc. 23rd Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, Paper No. 6513, 133–143.
Bonaparte, R., and Mitchell, J. K. (1979). “The properties of San Francisco Bay mud at the Hamilton Air Force Base, California.” Geotech. Eng. Rep., Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Bond, A. J., and Jardine, R. J.(1991). “Effects of installing displacement piles in a high OCR clay.” Géotechnique, 41(3), 341–363.
Bozozuk, M., Fellenius, B. H., and Samson, L., (1978). “Soil disturbance from pile driving in sensitive clay.” Can. Geotech. J., 15, 346–361.
Brittsan, D. and Speer, D. (1993). “Pile load test results for highway 280 pile uplift test site.” Proc., 1993 CALTRANS and DFI Pile Load Test Seminar.
California Department of Transportation (CALTRANS), and Deep Foundations Institute (DFI), (1993) “CALTRANS pile load test results at a deep Bay Mud site using various pile types.” Proc., 1993 DFI and CALTRANS Pile Load Test Seminar.
Cooke, R. W., and Price, G. (1973). “Strains and displacements around friction piles.” Proc., 8th Int. Conf. Soil Mechanics Foundation Engineering, Moscow, Vol. III.9, 53–60.
Cummings, A. E., Kerkhoff, G. O., and Peck, R. B.(1950). “Effect of driving piles into soft clay.” Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 115, 275–350.
Fellenius, B. H., and Samson, L.(1976). “Testing of drivability of concrete piles and disturbance to sensitive clay.” Can. Geotech. J., 13(1), 139–160.
Hagerty, D. J., and Peck, R. B.(1971). “Heave and lateral movements due to pile driving.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 97(SM11), 1513–1532.
Holtz, W. G., and Lowitz, C. A.(1965). “Effects of driving displacement piles in lean clay.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 91(SM5), 1–13.
Houlsby, G. T. and Teh, C. I. (1988). “Analysis of the piezocone in clay.” Proc., Int. Symposium on Penetration Testing, ISOPT-1, Orlando, Fla., 2, 777–783.
Housel, W. S., and Burkey, J. R. (1948). “Investigation to determine the driving characteristics of piles in soft clay.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics Foundations Engineering, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Vol. V, 146–154.
Hunt, C. E. (2000). “Effect of pile installation on static and dynamic soil properties.” PhD dissertation, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Hunt, C. E., Pestana, J. M., Bray, J. D., Riemer, M., and Seed, R. (2000). “Geotechnical measurements after pile installation in a soft clay deposit.” Geotechnical Engineering Rep. No. UCB/GT/2000-05, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Jardine, R. J., and Bond, A. J. (1989). “Behaviour of displacement piles in a heavily overconsolidated clay.” Proc. 12th Int. Conf. Soil Mechanics Foundations Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. II, 1147–1151.
Ladanyi, B.(1963). “Expansion of a cavity in a saturated clay medium.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 89(SM4), 127–161.
Lehane, B. M., and Jardine, R. J.(1994). “Displacement pile behaviour in a soft marine clay.” Can. Geotech. J., 31(1), 181–191.
Lo, K. Y., and Stermac, A. G. (1965). “Induced pore pressures during pile-driving operations.” Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering, Montreal, Vol. II, 285–289.
O’Neill, M. W.(2001). “Side resistance and drilled shafts.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 127(1), 1–16.
O’Neill, M. W., Hawkins R. A., and Audibert, J. M. E.(1982). “Installation of pile group in overconsolidated clay.” J. Geotech. Eng. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 108(11), 1369–1386.
Orrje, O., and Broms, B.(1967). “Effects of pile driving on soil properties.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 93(SM5), 59–73.
Radbruch, D. H., and Schlocker, J. (1958). “Engineering Geology of Islais Creek Basin, San Francisco, California.” Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations, U.S. Geological Survey, Map I-264.
Randolph, M. F., Steenfelt, J. S., and Wroth, C. P. (1979). “The effect of pile type on design parameters for driven piles.” Proc., Seventh European Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundations in Engineering, Brighton, Vol. II, 107–114.
Reese, L. C., and Seed, H. B.(1955). “Pressure distribution along friction piles.” Proc. ASTM, 55, 1156–1182.
Roy, M., Blanchet, R., Tavenas, F., and La Rochelle, P.(1981). “Behaviour of a sensitive clay during pile driving.” Can. Geotech. J., 18(2), 67–85.
Seed, H. B., and Reese, L. C.(1957). “The action of soft clay along friction piles.” Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 122, 731–754.
Soares, M. M., and Dias, C. R. R. (1989). “Behavior of an instrumented pile in the Rio de Janeiro clay.” Proc., 12th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundations in Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, I, 319–322.
Steenfelt, J. S., Randolph, M. F., and Wroth, C. P. (1981). “Instrumented model piles jacked into clay.” Proc., 10th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundations in Engineering, Stockholm, Sweden, Vol. II, 857–864.
Torstensson, B.-A. (1973a). “Friction piles driven into soft clay. A field study.” National Swedish Building Research Summaries, Rep. No. R38:1973, Stockholm, Sweden.
Torstensson, B.-A. (1973b). “The behaviour of a cohesion pile group in soft clay.” Proc., 8th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundations in Engineering, Moscow, 2.1, 237–242.
Torstensson, B. A. (1975). “Pore pressure sounding instrument.” Proc., ASCE Specialty Conference on In Situ Measurement of Soil Properties, Raleigh, N.C., 2, 48–54.
Torstensson, B. A. (1977). “The pore pressure probe.” Nordiske Geotekniske Mote, Oslo, Norway, 34.1–34.15.
Vesić, A. S.(1972). “Expansion of cavities in infinite soil mass.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 98(SM3), 265–290.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 128 • Issue 1 • January 2002
Pages: 1 - 12
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 16, 2001
Accepted: Jun 21, 2001
Published online: Jan 1, 2002
Published in print: Jan 2002
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.