Three-Dimensional Analysis of Performance of Laterally Loaded Sleeved Piles in Sloping Ground
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 127, Issue 6
Abstract
Development of urban cities in hilly terrain often involves the construction of high-rise buildings supported by large diameter piles on steep cut slopes. Under lateral loads, the piles may induce slope failure, particularly at shallow depths. To minimize the transfer of lateral load from the buildings to the shallow depths of the slope, an annulus of compressible material, referred to as sleeving, is usually constructed between the piles and the adjacent soil. However, the influence of the sleeving on the pile performance in a sloping ground is not fully studied and understood. To investigate the influence, a 3D numerical analysis of sleeved and unsleeved piles on a cut slope is described in this paper. The influences of relative soil stiffness on the response of sleeved piles are also examined. The load transfer from the laterally loaded sleeved pile to the sloping ground is primarily through a shear load transfer mechanism in the vertical plane. Under small lateral loads, the sleeving can lead to a significant reduction in subgrade reaction on the sleeved pile segment and may considerably increase the pile deflection and bending moments. Under large lateral loads, the influence of the sleeving on pile performance appears to diminish because of the widespread plastic zones developed around the pile.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bhushan, K., Fong, P. T., and Haley, S. C. (1979). “Lateral load tests on drilled piers in stiff clays.”J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 105(8), 969–985.
2.
British Standards Institution (BSI). ( 1985). “Structural use of concrete. Part 1—Code of practice for design and construction.” BS 8110: Part 1, London.
3.
Broms, B. (1964). “The lateral resistance of piles in cohesive soils.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 90(2), 27–63.
4.
Chen, W. H. W. (1978). “Discussion: Laterally loaded piles: Program documentation.”J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 104(2), 161–162.
5.
Chiang, Y. C., and Ho, Y. M. ( 1980). “Pressuremeter method for foundation design in Hong Kong.” Proc., 6th Southeast Asian Conf. on Soil Engrg., Vol. 1, 31–42.
6.
Geotechnical Control Office (GCO). ( 1984). Geotechnical manual for slopes, 2nd Ed., Hong Kong Government Printer, Hong Kong, 86–88.
7.
FLAC3D version 2.0, fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in three dimensions. (1996). Itasca Consulting Group, Inc., Minneapolis.
8.
Kulhawy, F. H., and Mayne, P. W. ( 1990). “Manual on estimating soil properties for foundation design.” Final Rep. EPRI EL-6800 Prepared for the Electric Power Research Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
9.
McVay, M. C., Gardner, R., and Zhang, L. M. ( 1997). “Centrifuge modeling of laterally loaded battered pile groups in sand.” Final Rep. FDOT 99700-7564-010, Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, Fla.
10.
Matlock, H., and Reese, L. C. (1960). “Generalized solutions for laterally loaded piles.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 86(5), 63–91.
11.
Mezazigh, S., and Levacher, D. ( 1998). “Laterally loaded piles in sand: Slope effect on p-y reaction curves.” Can. Geotech. J., Ottawa, (35), 433–441.
12.
Nakashima, E., Tabara, K., and Maeda, Y. C. ( 1985). “Theory and design of foundations on slopes.” Proc., JSCE, Tokyo, 355, 46–52.
13.
Ng, C. W. W., Lings, M. L., Simpson, B., and Nash, D. F. T. ( 1995). “An approximate analysis of the three-dimensional effects of diaphragm wall installation.” Géotechnique, London, 45(3), 497–507.
14.
Ng, C. W. W., Pun, W. K., and Pang, R. P. L. (2000). “Small strain stiffness of natural granitic saprolite in Hong Kong.”J. Geotech. and Geoenvir. Engrg., ASCE, 126(9), 819–833.
15.
Poulos, H. G. ( 1976). “Behavior of laterally loaded piles near a cut slope.” Australian Geomech. J., Barton, 6(1), 6–12.
16.
Powell, G. E., and Greenway, D. R. ( 1985). “Laboratory testing of some structural cushions.” Tech. Note TN 2/85, Geotechnical Control Office, Hong Kong.
17.
Schmidt, H. G. ( 1977). “Large diameter bored piles for abutments.” Proc., Spec. Session on the Effect of Horizontal Loads on Piles, 9th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 107–112.
18.
Siu, K. L. ( 1992). “A review of design approaches for laterally loaded caissons with particular reference to sleeving.” Spec. Proj. Rep. SPR 3/92, Geotechnical Engineering Office, Hong Kong.
19.
Terashi, M., Kitazume, M., Manuyama, A., and Yamamoto, Y. ( 1991). “Lateral resistance of a long pile in or near the slope.” Proc., Centrifuge '91, H.-Y. Ko and F. McLean, eds., Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 245–252.
20.
Uto, K., Maeda, H., Yoshii, Y., Takeuchi, M., Kinoshita, K., and Koga, A. ( 1985). “Horizontal behavior of pier foundations in a shearing type ground model.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on Numer. Methods in Geomech., 781–788.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 127 • Issue 6 • June 2001
Pages: 499 - 509
History
Received: May 24, 2000
Published online: Jun 1, 2001
Published in print: Jun 2001
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.