High-Carbon Fly Ash in Manufacturing Conductive CLSM and Concrete
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 18, Issue 6
Abstract
Three controlled low-strength material (CLSM) mixtures (100, 100S with sand, and 100SG with sand and stone) were made using 93, 32, and 22% high-carbon fly ash (12% loss on ignition) by mass of total solids, respectively. Three concrete mixtures [40, 50 with steel fibers, and 60 with taconite (an iron ore) pellets] were made, each containing high-carbon fly ash at 43% of total cementitious materials. The respective electrical resistivity values of water-cured, saturated CLSM mixtures 100, 100S, and 100SG were 0.5, 1.0, and (ohm-m), and the corresponding values of water-cured, saturated concrete mixtures 40, 50, and 60 were 41, 15, and . As the amount of cementitious paste (including high-carbon fly ash) increased, electrical resistivity of CLSM decreased. Electrical resistivity of concrete reduced by more than half upon inclusion of 3% steel fibers or upon replacement of natural crushed stone with taconite pellets. This study also shows that high-carbon fly ash can be used in manufacturing conductive CLSM and concrete. Such materials can be used for conducting electrical charge from lightening to the ground more safely.
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Acknowledgments
The funding for this research was provided by We Energies, Milwaukee, Wis. Their continuing financial support and interest are gratefully acknowledged. The UWM Center for By-Products Utilization was established in 1988 with a generous grant from the Dairyland Power Cooperative, La Crosse, Wis.; Madison Gas and Electric Company, Madison, Wis.; National Minerals Corporation, St. Paul, Minn.; Northern States Power Company, Eau Claire, Wis.; We Energies, Milwaukee, Wis.; Wisconsin Power and Light Company, Madison, Wis.; and, Wisconsin Public Service Corporation, Green Bay, Wis. The financial support and additional grants and support from Manitowoc Public Utilities, Manitowoc, Wis., are gratefully acknowledged.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 18 • Issue 6 • December 2006
Pages: 743 - 746
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Aug 15, 2005
Accepted: Oct 16, 2005
Published online: Dec 1, 2006
Published in print: Dec 2006
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Chiara F. Ferraris
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