Municipal Solid Waste Fly Ash as a Blended Cement Material
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 15, Issue 6
Abstract
Laboratory tests were carried out to characterize the properties of municipal fly ash (MFA) samples collected from an incineration plant in Singapore over a period of 12 months. The laboratory test results show that the major elements present in all MFA samples are Ca, K, Na, Si, Al, and Mg. The specific gravity of the ash samples lies in the range of 2.12–2.58, generally lower than the value of 3.2 for ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the MFA was found to be 6.03 m2/g, about six times higher than OPC, which has a BET surface area of 1.03 m2/g. In the investigation on the use of MFA as a blended cement material, 50-mm mortar cubes were cast with various percentages of the OPC being replaced by an equivalent weight of MFA. Compressive strength results indicate that up to 10% by weight of OPC could be replaced by MFA, with higher mortar strength being achieved than in the control cubes. A seven-day strength activity index of 123.6% achieved by the MFA, which is almost 50% higher than the requirement of 75%, suggests its contribution toward the strength development of the blended cements. Mercury porosimetry performed on hardened cement pastes indicated a reduction in the average pore diameter with an increasing percentage of cement replacement, indicating a pore refining capability of MFA particles. Leaching tests conducted on the blended cement mortars showed that the contamination levels in all leachate complied with the maximum limit set in U.S. EPA drinking water standards after 120 days of stabilization.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 15 • Issue 6 • December 2003
Pages: 513 - 523
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 20, 2001
Accepted: Jan 24, 2003
Published online: Nov 14, 2003
Published in print: Dec 2003
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