Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt Using Coarse and Skip Graded Aggregates
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 8, Issue 2
Abstract
The aggregate gradation of the hot mix asphalts (HMA) used in southern Nevada before 1989 generally fell above the maximum density line (fine graded aggregate mix). Various asphaltic concrete pavements using an aggregate gradation curve that resides below the maximum density line for any nominal size aggregate have been placed in the southern Nevada area over the past few years. These pavements have shown improved resistance to rutting and permanent deformation. This paper presents mix design and performance (rutting) data of four (post-1990) projects in which the gradations range from continuous coarse graded to skip coarse graded aggregates (gradation curves that dropped sharply from the 3/4 in. sieve to the 1/2 in. sieve size then continued in a well-graded fashion). Maximum rut depths were measured for all traffic lanes at major intersections, and average rut depths were then calculated for each project. Rutting measurements were made after at least one annual cycle of operation. These measurements show a 50% rutting reduction when the continuous coarse graded aggregate HMA was used instead of the pre-1989 fine graded aggregate HMA. The rutting was further reduced by 50% when skip graded aggregate HMA was used instead of the continuous coarse graded HMA.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Anderson, R. M., Walker, D., Sherocman, J. A., and Epley, L. E. (1991). “Kentucky's experience with large size aggregate in bituminous hot-mix.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 60, 1–18.
2.
Boutilier, O. D. (1967). “A study of the relation between the particle index of the aggregate and the properties of bituminous aggregate mixtures.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 36, 157–179.
3.
Davis, R. L. (1970). “Discussion of `The behavior of asphaltic concrete constructed with large-sized aggregate,' by M. O. Khalifa, and M. Herrin.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 39, 374.
4.
Davis, R. L. (1985). “Relationship between the rheological properties of asphalt and the rheological properties of mixtures and pavements.”Spec. Tech. Publ., STP 941, O. E. Briscoe, ed., ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa., 28–58.
5.
Davis, R. L. (1991). “Discussion of `Kentucky's experience with large size aggregate in bituminous hot-mix,' by R. M. Anderson, D. Walker, J. A. Sherocman, and L. E. Epley.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 60, 12.
6.
Huang, E. Y. (1970). “A study of strength characteristics of asphalt-aggregate mixtures as affected by the geometric characteristics and gradation of aggregates.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 39, 98–133.
7.
Huber, G. A., and Heiman, G. H. (1987). “Effect of asphalt concrete parameters on rutting performance: a field investigation.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 56, 33–61.
8.
Huddleson, I. J., Zhou, K., and Hicks, R. G. (1973). “Performance evaluation of open-graded asphalt concrete mixtures used in Oregon.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 60, 19–42.
9.
Ishai, I., and Tons, E. (1973). “Factors in bituminous concrete design.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 42, 160–199.
10.
Kalcheff, I. V., and Tunnicliff, D. G. (1982). “Effects of crushed stone aggregate size and shape on properties of asphalt concrete.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 51, 453–483.
11.
Khalifa, M. O., and Herrin, M. (1970). “The behavior of asphaltic concrete constructed with large-sized aggregate.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 39, 345–376.
12.
Krutz, N. C., and Sebaaly, P. E. (1993). “The effect of aggregate gradation on permanent deformation of asphaltic concrete.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 62, 450–473.
13.
Lee, G. (1970). “The rational design of aggregate gradings for dense asphaltic compositions.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 39, 60–97.
14.
Lee, K. W., and Al-Dhalaan, M. A. (1989). “Rutting, asphalt mix-design, and proposed test road in Saudi Arabia.”Implications of aggregates in the design, construction, and performance of flexible pavements; ASTM STP 1016, H. G. Schreuders and C. R. Marek, eds., ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa., 103–119.
15.
McLeod, N. W., and Davidson, J. K. (1981). “Particle index evaluation of aggregates for asphalt paving mixtures.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 50, 251–290.
16.
Sahu, C. S., and Rao, S. K. (1978). “Skip versus continuous gradations of aggregates for asphalt paving mixtures.”Indian Highways, India, Vol. 9, 20–30.
17.
Scherocman, J. A. (1992). “Construction of stone mastic asphalt test sections in the U.S.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 61, 642–664.
18.
Sonderegger, P. E. (1961). “Residual moisture in asphaltic concrete mixtures.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 30, 120–131.
19.
Stephens, J. E., and Sinha, K. C. (1978). “Effect of aggregate shape on bituminous mix characteristics.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 47, 434–456.
20.
Tons, E. (1970). “Discussion of `A study of strength characteristics of asphalt-aggregate mixtures as affected by the geometric characteristics and gradation of aggregates,' by E. Y. Huang.”Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), St. Paul, Minn., Vol. 39, 129.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 8 • Issue 2 • May 1996
Pages: 101 - 107
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: May 1, 1996
Published in print: May 1996
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.