TECHNICAL PAPERS
Oct 1, 2008

Assessment of Residual Tensile Strength of Carbon/Epoxy Composites Subjected to Low-Energy Impact

Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 21, Issue 4

Abstract

This paper presents the results of an experimental study to investigate the effects of impact loading on the residual tensile strength of woven graphite epoxy laminates with a toughened resin system. In this study, both cross-ply, [090]6 , and angle-ply, [±45]6 , laminate lay-up configurations were studied and compared. Test specimens were subjected to various levels of impact loading, after which tensile pull tests were performed to determine the residual tensile strength properties. The study results demonstrated that impact damage causes a significant reduction in tensile strength properties of woven cross-ply [0°/90°] laminates. For example, cross-ply laminated composite specimens subjected to the lowest impact level, 6.8J , exhibited a 25% decrease in ultimate tensile strength. Angle-ply woven laminates [±45°] , however, exhibited an 18% increase in ultimate tensile strength after being subjected to 6.8(J) impact. This characteristic of increasing tensile strength in [±45°] specimens is an example of increased fiber reorientation in composite laminates with limited fiber damage.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Cairns, D. S., and Lagace, P. A. (1990). “Residual tensile strength of graphite/epoxy and kevlar epoxy laminates with impact damage.” Composite materials: Testing and design, Vol. 9, ASTM STP 1059, S. P. Garbo, ed., ASTM, Philadelphia, 48–63.
Finn, S. R., Springer, G. S. (1991). Composite plates impact damage an atlas, Lancaster, Pa.
Ganesh, V. K., and Naik, N. K. (1996a). “Failure behavior of plain weave fabric laminates under on-axis uniaxial tensile loading. I: Laminate geometry.” J. Compos. Mater., 30(16), 1748–1778.
Ganesh, V. K., and Naik, N. K. (1996b). “Failure behavior of plain weave fabric laminates under on-axis uniaxial tensile loading. III: Fabric geometry.” J. Compos. Mater., 30(16), 1823–1856.
Ganesh, V. K., and Naik, N. K. (1997). “ (±45)degree off-Axis tension test for shear characterization of plain weave fabric composites.” J. Compos. Technol. Res., 19(2), 77–87.
Gause, L. W., and Buckly, L. J. (1987). “Impact characterization of new composite materials.” Instrumented impact testing of plastics and composite materials, ASTM STP 936, S. L. Kessler, G. C. Adams, S. B. Driscoll, and D. R. Ireland, eds., ASTM, Philadelphia, 248–261.
Harris, C. E., Coats, T. W., Allen, D. H., and Lo, D. C. (1997). “A progressive damage model and analysis methodology for predicting the residual strength of composite laminates.” J. Compos. Technol. Res., 19(1), 3–9.
Hosur, M. V., Vaidya, U. K., Ulven, C., and Jeelani, S. (2004). “Performance of stitched/unstitched woven carbon/epoxy composites under high-velocity impact loading.” Compos. Struct., 64(3–4), 455–466.
Joshi, S. P., and Sun, C. T. (1985). “Impact induced fracture in laminated a composite.” J. Compos. Mater., 19(1), 51–66.
Lee, Y. S., Kim1, H. S., Choi1, Y. J., and Kim, J. H. (2006). “A damage analysis on the composite plate subjected to low velocity impact.” Key engineering materials, Vols. 306–308, Trans Tech, Switzerland, 285–290.
Naik, N. K., and Ganesh, V. K. (1996). “Failure behavior of plain weave fabric laminates under on-axis uniaxial tensile loading. II: Analytical predictions.” J. Compos. Mater., 30(16), 1779–1822.
Naik, N. K., Sekher, Y. C., and Meduri, S. (2000). “Polymer matrix woven fabric composites subjected to low velocity impacts. I: Damage initiation studies.” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 19(12), 912–954.
Naik, N. K., Shembekar, P. S., and Hosur, M. V. (1991). “Failure behavior of woven fabric composites.” J. Compos. Technol. Res., 13(1), 107–116.
Shembekar, P. S., and Naik, N. K. (1993). “Elastic analysis of woven fabric laminates. I: Off-axis loading.” J. Compos. Technol. Res., 15(1), 23–33.
Shyprykevich, P., et al. (2003). “Guidelines for analysis, testing, and nondestructive inspection of impact-damaged composite sandwich structures.” Final Rep. DOT/FAA/AR-02/121, U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C.
Siow, Y. P., and Shim, V. (1988). “An experimental study of low velocity impact damage in woven fiber composites.” J. Compos. Mater., 32(12), 1179–1202.
Slenk, J. (2001). “Residual strength of carbon/epoxy composites subjected to low-energy impact.” Master’s thesis, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, California State Univ., Fullerton, Calif.
Suppliers of Advanced Composite Materials Association (SACMA) (1988). “SACMA recommended test method for compression after impact properties of oriented fiber-resin composites.” SRM 2-88, 1–8.
Vaidya, U. K., Ulven, C., Hosur, M. V., Alexander, J., and Liudahl, L. (2003). “Intermediate velocity impact response of carbon/epoxy composites with polycarbonate facing.” Polym. Polym. Compos., 11(6), 421–432.
Warkle, M. W., and Zahr, G. E. (1987). “Instrumented impact testing of aramid-reinforced composite materials.” Instrumented impact testing of plastics and composite materials, ASTM STP 936, S. L. Kessler, G. C. Adams, S. B. Driscoll, and D. R. Ireland, eds., ASTM, Philadelphia, 219–235.
Wyrick, D. A., and Adams, D. F. (1988). “Residual strength of a carbon/epoxy composite material subjected to repeated impact.” J. Compos. Mater., 22(8), 749–765.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 21Issue 4October 2008
Pages: 249 - 258

History

Received: Mar 26, 2007
Accepted: Aug 13, 2007
Published online: Oct 1, 2008
Published in print: Oct 2008

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Ayman Mosallam [email protected]
Dept. of Civil and Environment Engineering, Univ. of California, E4130 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-2175 (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Joel Slenk
Boeing Company, Phantom Works, Huntington Beach, CA 92647.
Jesa Kreiner
Mechanical Engineering Department, California State Univ., Fullerton, CA 92834-9480.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share