Simulation of Airfoil Icing with a Novel Morphogenetic Model
Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 18, Issue 2
Abstract
In this paper, we describe a new modeling approach to tackle the challenging problem of in-flight icing prediction. In this approach, termed morphogenetic modeling, we predict the structural details of aircraft ice accretion by emulating the behavior of individual fluid elements. A two-dimensional morphogenetic model is used here to predict the ice accretion shape forming on a National Advisory Committee For Aeronautics 0012 airfoil under various atmospheric conditions. The influence of the surface heat transfer formulation on the ice accretion shape is examined. We complement the numerical simulation with an analytical model for airfoil icing that is based on a simple form of the mass and heat conservation equations. This analytical investigation allows us to identify a significant new dimensionless ratio, the runback factor, defined as the ratio of the impinging water mass flux to the freezing mass flux at the stagnation line. An increasing runback factor leads to a quantifiable downstream displacement of the accretion mass. We also use the analytical model to verify the morphogenetic model during the early stages of icing, and find that there is reasonable agreement between the two models in terms of ice accretion shape. A comparison with experimental data and other models shows that even simple morphogenetic modeling is competitive with existing models. Further improvements will take advantage of the model’s unique ability to simulate discontinuous ice accretions in complex geometries, leading to a considerable advancement in the simulation of in-flight icing.
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Acknowledgments
The first writer would like to thank the NRC Institute for Aerospace Research management team for a grant from the IAR New Initiative Fund to support this research. The other writer is grateful for an NSERC research grant, which facilitated his participation in the project. The droplet trajectory model developed by F. Fortin of the National Research Council Canada was used to parameterize the collision efficiency for the cases shown in Figs. 8 and 9.
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© 2005 ASCE.
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Received: May 12, 2003
Accepted: Mar 30, 2004
Published online: Apr 1, 2005
Published in print: Apr 2005
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