Simultaneous Design and Control of Stiffened Laminated Composite Structures
Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 5, Issue 1
Abstract
The problem investigated here concerns the simultaneous design and control of structures. The structure considered is a laminated stiffened composite plate for which an optimum control system is designed by the minimization of an appropriate performance index with respect to both the control forces and structural design variables consisting of stiffener areas and the number of plies of a given orientation. To ensure a physically realistic structure appropriate constraints on the stiffener sizes, total weight, and structural frequencies are imposed. Nonlinear mixed‐integer programming is used to force the number of plies to take on integral values. The entire problem is posed as a three‐level optimization problem. Using the well‐known independent modal space control method, effects of plate geometry, initial disturbance conditions, and control effort penalty parameters on the optimal design are considered. The minimization process requires derivatives of eigenvalues and eigenvectors with respect to the design variables. These derivatives can be computed by an involved analytical procedure or a relatively simple finite‐difference procedure. This paper also examines the computer cost‐effectiveness of these two procedures for the sensitivity‐derivative calculations.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bathe, K. J. (1982). Finite element procedures in engineering analysis. Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
2.
Crawley, E. F., and De Luis, J. (1987). “Use of piezoelectric actuators as elements of intelligent structures.” AIAA J., 25(10), 1373–1385.
3.
Haftka, R. T., Martinovic, Z. N., Hallauer, W. L., and Schamel, G. (1987). “An analytical and experimental study of a control system's sensitivity to structural modifications.” AIAA J., 25(2), 310–315.
4.
Hale, A. L. (1985). “Integrated structural/control synthesis via set‐theoretical methods.” Proc., AIAA/ASME/AHS 26th Struct., Struct. Dyn. and Mat. Conf., Part 2, Orlando, Fla., 636–641.
5.
Iott, A. J., Haftka, R. T., and Adelman, H. (1985). “Selecting step sizes in sensitivity analysis by finite differences.” NASA TM‐86382, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C.
6.
Khot, N. S., Oz, H., Grandhi, R. V., Eastep, F. E., and Venkayya, V. B. (1988). “Optimal structural design with control gain norm constraint.” AIAA J., 26(5), 604–611.
7.
Khot, N. S., Venkayya, V. B., and Eastep, F. E. (1986). “Optimal structural modifications to enhance vibration control of flexible structures.” AIAA J., 24(8), 1368–1374.
8.
Land, A. H., and Doig, A. G. (1960). “An automatic method for solving discrete programming problems.” Econometrica, (28), 497–520.
9.
Lim, K. B., and Junkins, J. L., (1989). “Robustness optimization of structural and controller parameters.” J. of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, 12(1), 89–96.
10.
Lust, R. V., and Schmit, L. A. (1988). “Control augmented structural synthesis.” AIAA J., 26(1), 86–95.
11.
Meirovitch, L., and Oz, H. (1980). “Active control of structures by modal synthesis.” Structural control, H. H. E. Leipholz, ed., North Holland Publishing Co.
12.
Meric, R. A. (1990). “Simultaneous material/load shape variations of thermoelastic structures.” AIAA J., 28(2), 296–302.
13.
Mesquita, L., and Kamat, M. P. (1985). “Structural optimization for control of stiffened laminated composite plates using nonlinear mixed integer programming.” Report No. VPI‐E‐85‐26, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.
14.
Mesquita, L., and Kamat, M. P. (1987). “Structural optimization for control of stiffened laminated composite structures.” J. Sound and Vibration, 116(1), 33–48.
15.
Nelson, R. B. (1976). “Simplified calculation of eigenvector derivatives.” AIAA J., 14(9), 1201–1205.
16.
Onoda, J., and Haftka, R. T. (1987). “An approach to structure/control simultaneous optimization of large flexible spacecraft.” AIAA J., 25(8), 1133–1138.
17.
Oz, H., and Adziguel, M. (1984). “Generalized natural performance charts for control of flexible systems.” AIAA paper #84‐1951‐CP: Guidance and Control Conf., Seattle, Wash.
18.
Oz, H., and Meirovitch, L. (1980). “Optimal modal‐space control of flexible gyroscopic systems.” J. Guidance and Control, 3(3), 218–266.
19.
Powell, M. J. D. (1978). “A fast algorithm for nonlinearly constrained optimization calculations.” Proc. 1977 Dundee Conf. on Numerical Analysis: Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Springer‐Verlag, New York, N.Y.
20.
Reddy, J. N. (1979). “Simple finite elements with relaxed continuity for nonlinear analysis of plates.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. in Australia on Finite Element Methods, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
21.
Shin, Y. S., Haftka, R. T., and Plaut, R. H. (1988). “Simultaneous analysis and design for eigenvalue maximization.” AIAA J., 26(6), 738–744.
22.
Tzou, H. S., and Gadre, M. (1988). “Active vibration isolation by polymeric piezoelectret with variable feedback gains.” AIAA J., 26(8), 1014–1017.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 5 • Issue 1 • January 1992
Pages: 111 - 126
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1992
Published in print: Jan 1992
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.