Human Error and Reliability of Multistory Reinforced-Concrete Building Construction
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 18, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper develops probabilistic and human reliability models to estimate the probability of structural collapse (system risk) during the construction of typical multistory reinforced-concrete buildings in the presence of human error. Results obtained from the human reliability analysis suggest that errors related to concrete cover and concreting workmanship are more detrimental to system risk than any other errors. Errors related to reinforcement area have a minor effect on system risk, provided that the existing effectiveness of engineering inspections is maintained. The results also show that errors related to installation of steel shores/reshores do not significantly affect the system risk.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (1978). “Prediction of creep, shrinkage, and temperature effects: 2.” ACI 209, Detroit.
Attard, M. M., and Stewart, M. G.(1998). “A two parameter stress block model for high strength concrete.” ACI Struct. J., 95(3), 305–317.
Carper, K. L.(1987). “Structural failures during construction.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 1(3), 132–144.
Eldukair, Z. A., and Ayyub, B. M.(1991). “Analysis of recent U.S. structural and construction failures.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 5(1), 57–73.
Ellingwood, B.(1987). “Design and construction error effects on structural reliability.” J. Struct. Eng., 113(2), 409–422.
Ellingwood, B., Galambos, T. V., MacGregor, J. G., and Cornell, C. A. (1980). Development of a probability based load criterion for American National Standard A58, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C.
El-Shahhat, A. M., Rosowsky, D. V., and Chen, W. F.(1993). “Construction safety of multistory concrete buildings.” ACI Struct. J., 90(4), 335–341.
Epaarachchi, D. C. (2001). “Probabilistic risk analysis of multistory reinforced concrete building construction.” PhD thesis, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
Epaarachchi, D. C., Stewart, M. G., and Rosowsky, D. V.(2002). “Structural reliability of multistory buildings during construction.” J. Struct. Eng., 128(2), 205–213.
Feld, J., and Carper, K. L. (1997), Construction failure, 2nd Ed., Wiley, New York.
Kaminetzky, D. (1991). Design and construction failures, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Karshenas, S., and Ayoub, H.(1994). “Analysis of concrete construction live loads on newly poured slabs.” J. Struct. Eng., 120(5), 1525–1542.
Liu, Xi-L., and Chen, W. F.(1987). “Effect of creep on load distribution in multistory reinforced concrete buildings during construction.” ACI Struct. J., 84, 192–200.
Liu, X.-L., Chen, W. F., and Bowman, M. D.(1985). “Construction load on supporting floors.” Concr. Int.: Des. Constr., 7(12), 21–26.
MacGregor, J. G., Mirza, S. A., and Ellingwood, B.(1983). “Statistical analysis of resistance of reinforced and prestressed members.” ACI J., 80, 167–176.
Mirza, S. A., Hatzinikolas, M., and MacGregor, J. G.(1979). “Statistical description of strength of concrete.” J. Struct. Div. ASCE, 105(6), 1021–1037.
Mirza, S. A., and MacGregor, J. G.(1979a). “Variations in dimensions of reinforced concrete members.” J. Struct. Div. ASCE, 105(4), 751–766.
Mirza, S. A., and MacGregor, J. G.(1979b). “Variability of mechanical properties of reinforcing bars.” J. Struct. Div. ASCE, 105(5), 921–937.
Morgan, P. R., Ng, T. E., Smith, N. H. M., and Base, G. D.(1982). “How accurately can reinforcing steel be placed—field measurement tolerances compared to codes.” Concr. Int., 4(10), 54–65.
Rigby, L. V. (1970). “The nature of human error.” Proc., Annual Technical Conf. of the ASQC, American Society for Quality Control, Milwaukee, Wis., 457–466.
Seaver, D. A., and Stillwell, W. G. (1983). “Procedure for using expert judgement to estimate human error probabilities in nuclear power plant operations.” NUREG/CR-2743, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C.
Stewart, M. G.(1992). “A human reliability analysis of reinforced concrete beam construction.” Civ. Eng. Sys., 9, 227–247.
Stewart, M. G. (1993). “A human reliability analysis of reinforced concrete slab construction.” Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Structural Safety and Reliability, 1, 447–454.
Stewart, M. G.(1995). “Workmanship and its influence on probabilistic models of concrete compressive strength.” ACI Mater. J., 92(4), 361–372.
Stewart, M. G., and Melchers, R. E.(1989). “Checking models in structural design.” J. Struct. Eng., 115(6), 1309–1324.
Stivaros, P. C., and Halvorsen, G. T. (1992). “Construction load analysis of slabs and shores using microcomputers.” Concr. Int., August, 57–62.
Swain, A. D., and Guttman, H. E. (1983). “Handbook of human reliability analysis with emphasis on nuclear power plant applications.” NUREG/CR-1278, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 18 • Issue 1 • February 2004
Pages: 12 - 20
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 10, 2002
Accepted: Sep 13, 2002
Published online: Jan 16, 2004
Published in print: Feb 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.