TECHNICAL PAPERS
Oct 15, 2003

Condition Assessment of a Deteriorated Cement Works

Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 17, Issue 4

Abstract

This paper describes the condition assessment of a 30 year old cement works, where some of the structures were clearly deteriorated. It was carried out for the purpose of obtaining material properties needed for evaluating strength and integrity, and for establishing durability. This was done by sampling the structures using the nondestructive techniques of visual inspection, perusal of drawings, ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements, covermeter surveys, and core testing. Core testing gave information not only about strength but also about sorptivity, carbonation, chlorides, and sulfates, and about the variation of some of these properties with depth from the concrete surface. Some new approaches were used to estimate the grade of concrete and the partial safety factor for reinforcement. The use of “twin cores” (surface and internal) indicated that the surface quality of the concrete was actually better than the internal quality. Recommendations for repair and maintenance dealt with (1) accumulated cement dust; (2) concrete deterioration; (3) areas experiencing elevated temperatures; and (4) waterproofing of the concrete surface.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

American Concrete Institute (ACI). (1983). “Building code requirements for reinforced concrete.” ACI 318 M, Detroit.
British Standards Institution. (1980). “Tests for water for making concrete (including notes on the suitability of the water).” BS 3148, London.
British Standards Institution. (1985). “Structural use of concrete.” BS 8110, London.
British Standards Institution. (1997). “Structural use of concrete.” BS 8110, London.
Building Research Establishment. (1991). “Sulphate and acid resistance of concrete in the ground.” BRE Digest 363, Watford, U.K.
Bungey, J. H., and Millard, S. G. (1996). Testing of concrete in structures, 3rd Ed., E & FN Spon, London.
The Concrete Society. (1976). “Concrete core testing for strength.” Technical Rep. 11, London.
The Concrete Society. (1984). “Repair of concrete damaged by reinforcement corrosion.” Technical Rep. No. 26, Slough, U.K.
Design of normal concrete mixes. (1988). Building Research Establishment, Department of the Environment, Watford, U.K.
Dias, W. P. S.(1991). “Correlation of non-destructive test results with concrete strength.” Engineer, 19(1), 3–13.
Dias, W. P. S.(1993). “Durability indicators of OPC concretes subject to wick action.” Mag. Concrete Res., 45(165), 263–274.
Dias, W. P. S. (1995). “Sorptivity testing for assessing concrete quality.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Concrete under Severe Exposure Conditions (CONSEC’95), E & FN Spon, London, 433–442.
Dias, W. P. S.(2000). “Reduction of concrete sorptivity with age through carbonation.” Cem. Concr. Res., 30(8), 1255–1261.
Dias, W. P. S., Jayanandana, A. D. C., Fonseka, M. C. M., and Perera, A. A. D. A. J.(1994). “Distress in prestressed concrete roof girders at a cement plant.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 8(1), 6–15.
Facaoaru, I. (1970). “Non-destructive testing on concrete in Romania.” Non-destructive testing of concrete and timber, Institution of Civil Engineers, London, 39–49.
Kay, T. (1992). Assessment and renovation of concrete structures, Longman’s London.
Kreijger, P. C. (1990). “Inhomogeneity in concrete and its effect on degradation: A review of technology.” Protection of concrete, R. K. Dhir and J. W. Green, eds., E&FN Spon, London, 31–52.
Roy, S. K., Northwood, D. O., and Poh, K. B.(1996). “Effect of plastering on the carbonation of a 19 year old reinforced concrete building.” Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 10(4), 267–272.
Tomsett, H. N.(1980). “The practical use of ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements in the assessment of concrete quality.” Mag. Concrete Res., 32(110), 7–16.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 17Issue 4November 2003
Pages: 188 - 195

History

Received: Apr 30, 2001
Accepted: Aug 1, 2002
Published online: Oct 15, 2003
Published in print: Nov 2003

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

W. P. S. Dias
Professor of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka.
A. D. C. Jayanandana
Senior Lecturer in Civil Engineering, Univ. of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share