SPECIAL SECTION: LEGACY OF THE KANSAS CITY HYATT TRAGEDY: A 20-YEAR RETROSPECT INSIGHT AND REVIEW
May 1, 2000

“The Hyatt Horror”: Failure and Responsibility in American Engineering

Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 14, Issue 2

Abstract

Nearly 20 years ago, an elegant Kansas City, Mo., hotel was the site of one of the most famous engineering failures in recent history. The collapse of two elevated walkways in the lobby left 114 people dead and nearly 200 injured, and plunged the engineering profession into a dilemma over how to deal with the engineers who were involved. In the mid-1970s, as the Kansas City Hyatt Regency was under construction, the engineering profession's codes of ethics were under construction as well. ASCE leaders argued that their society's new code should reflect a new hierarchy of engineers' responsibilities. “Public welfare,” they agreed, should be the “primary concern” of engineers, followed by engineers' duty to “clients, employer or employees,” and loyalty to the profession. The implications of the new ethics code became disturbingly clear with the Hyatt. This paper tells the story of how the engineering profession struggled to transform an unspeakable disaster into a powerful, if painful, lesson about the meaning of ethics in engineering.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1.
“ASCE code of ethics amended.” (1976). Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 46(11), 67–69.
2.
ASCE-Committee on Professional Conduct. ( 1986). “Disciplinary proceedings: Case of Mr. Jack D. Gillum, M. ASCE.” Docket No. 1982-6.
3.
Bucciarelli, L. L. (1994). Designing engineers. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
4.
“Cause of collapse awaits unfolding of investigations.” (1981). Kansas City Star, July 19, 3HR.
5.
“Code of ethics.” (1977). ASCE register, 178.
6.
“Collapse baffles building code, safety officials.” (1981). Kansas City Times, July 18, A10.
7.
“Complaint handling and disposition procedure.” (1991). Missouri Dimensions, 2(May), 6–7.
8.
“The complaint process—What happens after filing.” (1993). Missouri Dimensions, 7(June), 4.
9.
Constance, J. D. (1988). How to become a professional engineer: The road to registration. McGraw-Hill, New York.
10.
Cope, V. (1989). “Skywalk litigation finally ending.” Trial, 25(9), 20–21.
11.
“Critical design change is linked to collapse of Hyatt's sky walks [sic].” (1981). Kansas City Star, July 21, A1.
12.
“Designers of Hyatt Hotel on trial.” (1984). Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 54(9), 12–14.
13.
Deutsch, J. B. ( 1985). “Statement of the Case . . .” Missouri Board v. Duncan, Gillum, and GCE International, Case #AR-84-0239, filed Nov. 15, 1985.
14.
“Engineers' negligence charged in Kansas City hotel disaster.” (1984a). New York Times, Feb. 4, I6.
15.
“Engineers say data overlooked.” (1984b). Kansas City Times, Feb. 16, A1, A13.
16.
Florman, S. C. (1981). Blaming technology: The irrational search for scapegoats. St. Martin's Press, New York.
17.
Hauck, G. F. W. (1993). “Hyatt Regency walkway collapse: Design alternatives.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 109(5), 1226–1234.
18.
Hawkins, R. (1965). “Humility at the professional level.” Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 35(4), 92.
19.
Hopkins, M. K., Nelson, K. E., Pietz, J. T., and Raccuglia, P. (1984). “A case study in mass disaster litigation.” Univ. of Missouri-Kansas City Law Rev., 52(2), 151–214.
20.
“Hotel disaster inquiry ends.” (1983). New York Times, Dec. 17, I41.
21.
“Hyatt engineers found `guilty' of negligence.” (1985a). ENR, 214(Nov. 21), 10–12.
22.
“Hyatt hearing traces design chain.” (1984). ENR, 213(July 26), 12–13.
23.
“The Hyatt horror.” (1981). Kansas City Star, July 19, Special Section.
24.
“Hyatt ruling rocks engineers.” (1985b). ENR, 214(Nov. 28), 13.
25.
“In memoriam, July 17, 1981, The day the music stopped.” (1981). Kansas City Times, July 25, Section H.
26.
Jackson, T. L., and Kaskell, R. L., Jr. (1989). “The KC Hyatt Regency disaster: What went wrong?” Defense Counsel J., 56(4), 415–425.
27.
Kaskell, R. L., Jr. (1992). “A post mortem of a post mortem: The Hyatt collapse—A post mortem.” Constr. Lawyer, 12(1), 9.
28.
Lee, L. (1967). “Social consciousness.” Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 37(2), 71.
29.
Letters to the Editor. (1986). ENR, 216(January 23), 9–20.
30.
“License actions pending in collapse of sky walks.” (1983). New York Times, Nov. 22, I18.
31.
“Methods pursued.” (1993). Missouri Dimensions, 6(March), 7.
32.
National Bureau of Standards (NBS). ( 1982). Investigation of the Kansas City Hyatt Regency walkways collapse. NBS Building, Science Series, 143, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Washington, D.C.
33.
“New York engineers assail ruling on Hyatt Regency collapse.” (1986?). New York Constr. News, 33, 1, 11.
34.
“Panel revokes licenses of two Hyatt engineers.” (1986). New York Times, Jan. 23, I12.
35.
“Petition for Reinstatement of Revoked Registration/License.” (1994). Before the Board of Registration for Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors, Dept. of Consumer Affairs, State of California, C-17870/S-1905, April 28.
36.
Petitioner's and Respondents' Briefs. ( 1984). Filed with the Administrative Hearing Commission, Complaint, February 3; Answer March 2; First Amended Complaint, June 8; Answer to First Amended Complaint, July 6; Second Amended Complaint, July 23; and Answer to Second Amended Complaint, August 21.
37.
Petroski, H. (1982). To engineer is human: The role of failure in successful design. Random House, New York.
38.
Petroski, H. (1994). Design paradigms: Case histories of error and judgment in engineering. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
39.
Pfatteicher, S. K. A. ( 1996). “Death by design: Ethics, responsibility, and failure in the American civil engineering community 1852–1986,” PhD thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis.
40.
Ploch, R. S. (1966). “Developing a social consciousness.” Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 36(9), 94.
41.
“Professionally speaking.” (1972). Civ. Engrg., ASCE.
42.
“Rescuers rest, but wrestle with the horror.” (1981). Kansas City Star, July 20, A2.
43.
Riddiford, M. (1965). “Time to re-tool registration requirements.” Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 35(3), 78.
44.
Rubin, R. A., and Banick, L. A. (1986). “The Hyatt Regency decision: One view.” Constr. Lawyer, 1(4), 20.
45.
Rubin, R. A., Banick, L. A., and Thornton, C. H. (1986). “The Hyatt decision: Two opinions.” Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 56(9), 69–72.
46.
Runyan, M. M. (1975). “Progress report on development of a code of ethics.”Engrg. Issues, ASCE, 101(2), 199–213.
47.
Special issues devoted to Hyatt case. (1984). Univ. of Missouri, Kansas City Law Rev., 52(2).
48.
“State seeks to penalize engineers.” (1984). Kansas City Times, Feb. 4, B1, B2.
49.
“Talking it out.” (1981). Kansas City Times, July 25, A4.
50.
Tammeus, W. ( 1981). “Letter to the Editor.” Kansas City Star, July 19, 2HR.
51.
Warner, K. (1986). “Defining the engineer's scope of responsibility.” Univ. of Missouri-Kansas City Law Rev., 55(1), 108–128.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 14Issue 2May 2000
Pages: 62 - 66

History

Received: Jan 10, 2000
Published online: May 1, 2000
Published in print: May 2000

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Sarah K. A. Pfatteicher
Lect. and Dir. of Assessment, Coll. of Engrg., Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, 333 N. Randall Ave., Madison, WI 53715.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share