Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction around Marine Structures
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 133, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper gives a state-of-the-art review of seismic-induced liquefaction with special reference to marine structures. The paper is organized in seven sections: (1) introduction; (2) seismic-induced liquefaction in which a general account of soil liquefaction is presented; (3) existing codes/guidelines regarding seismic-induced liquefaction and its implications for marine structures; (4) review of the Japanese experience, giving a brief history of earthquakes and design codes, describing the current design code/standard for port and harbor facilities including counter measures and remediation; (5) review of the liquefaction damage inflicted on marine structures in the 1999 Turkey Kocaeli Earthquake, including recommendations which draw on the lessons learned; (6) assessment of postliquefaction ground deformation (more specifically of lateral ground spreading); and (7) tsunamis and their impact. The present paper and the existing guidelines (CEN, ASCE, and PIANC) form a complementary source of information on earthquake-induced liquefaction with special reference to its impact on marine structures.
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Acknowledgments
This study has been partially funded by the European Commission Research Directorates’ FP5 specific program ”Energy, Environment, and Sustainable Development,” Contract No. EVK3-CT-2000-00038, Liquefaction around Marine Structures (LIMAS) and by the Danish Technical Research Council (STVF) of Danish Research Agency, Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation Research Frame Program Exploitation and Protection of Coastal Zones (EPCOAST) Sagsnr. 26-00-0144. The tenth writer acknowledges the support from Yildiz Technical University, STFA A.S., IMO Ankara, General Directorate of Railways, Port, and Airports of Turkish Ministry of Transportation, GULSAN A.S.
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Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 133 • Issue 1 • January 2007
Pages: 55 - 82
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© 2007 ASCE.
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Received: Nov 7, 2005
Accepted: Nov 7, 2005
Published online: Jan 1, 2007
Published in print: Jan 2007
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