TECHNICAL PAPERS
May 1, 1992

Planning Operations of Bulk Loading Terminals by Simulation

Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 118, Issue 3

Abstract

The usefulness of port simulation models in port management and planning is demonstrated through a model developed for a high‐volume bulk loading terminal in Australia. The model is used to evaluate policies aimed at improving port performance and increasing port throughput. Simulation is also used to define port capacity by developing relationships between throughput and port performance. Maximum possible capacity is obtained by analyzing berth commitment, port empty, and berth availability while maximum queue length, average waiting time, average turnaround time and demurrage charges are used to estimate the operational capacity of the terminal. The model developed in this study is characterized by the inclusion of tidal variations in the channel and their effect on cargo and ship delays. It provides a variety of outputs relating to port performance and cargo‐ and ship‐size distributions. It also incorporates special measures of port efficiency through a reward/penalty system.

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References

1.
Engelhart, T. N., and Radomdske, B. A. (1982). “Computer assisted terminal operations management systems.” Bulk Solids Handling, 2(3), 421–430.
2.
Port simulation model (PORTSIM) user's manual. (1974). World Bank Group, Washington, D.C.
3.
Ramos, C. M., and Goodwin, P. J. (1985). “Simulation of bulk carrier loading and unloading applied to multi and single purpose terminals.” Bulk Solids Handling, 5(2), 357–363.
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Ramos, C. M., and Goodwin, P. J. (1989). “Simulation of harbour facilities.” Bulk Solids Handling, 9(2), 135–143.
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Wadhwa, L. C., James, M. K., and Vincent, M. W. (1981). “Modelling and simulation of port operations.” Proc., 6th Australian Transp. Res. Forum, Metropolitan Transit Authority, Brisbane, Australia, 395–410.
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Wadhwa, L. C. (1989). “Port capacity expansion of high volume bulk commodity terminals.” 3rd Australasian Ports and Harbours Conf.: Publication No. 90/7, I. E. Aust Preprints of Papers, Melbourne, Australia, 132–136.
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Zador, A. T. (1984). “Computer simulation for port design.” Bulk Solids Handling, 4(1), 24–27.

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Go to Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 118Issue 3May 1992
Pages: 300 - 315

History

Published online: May 1, 1992
Published in print: May 1992

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Authors

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Lal C. Wadhwa
Assoc. Prof. of Systems Engrg., James Cook Univ. of North Queensland, Townsville, Q4811, Australia

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