Facility Location Model for Booster Disinfection of Water Supply Networks
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 128, Issue 5
Abstract
Secondary or postdisinfection is widely used to maintain protective levels of disinfectant within water distribution systems. In contrast to conventional methods that apply disinfectant only at the treatment works, booster disinfection reapplies disinfectant at strategic locations within the distribution system to compensate for the losses that occur as it decays over time. Building on the writers’ previous work, this paper addresses the problem of locating disinfectant booster stations that minimize the dosage required to maintain residuals throughout the supply network, and introduces a useful parameterization for disinfectant source types. The model is related to the general fixed-charge facility location problem and is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem. Results for an example network show that disinfectant dosage savings are achievable with the adoption of booster disinfection, and that the rate of savings decreases as the number of booster stations utilized increases. Furthermore, booster disinfection may provide a more even distribution of disinfectant concentrations throughout the network, and has the potential to reduce aggregate exposure of the population to chlorine (and its by-products) while simultaneously improving residual coverage in the periphery of the distribution system.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Boccelli, D. L. (1999). “Booster disinfection: Chlorine decay, by-product formation, and model development.” Master’s thesis, Univ. of Cincinnati.
Boccelli, D. L., Tryby, M. E., Uber, J. G., Rossman, L. A., Zeirolf, M. L., and Polycarpou, M. M.(1998). “Optimal scheduling of booster disinfection in water distribution systems.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 124(2), 99–111.
Clark, R. M.(1998). “Chlorine demand and Trihalonethane formation kinetics: A second-order model.” J. Environ. Eng., 124(1), 16–24.
Cohon, J. L. (1978). Multiobjective programming and planning, Academic, New York.
Efroymson, M., and Ray, T.(1966). “A branch and bound algorithm for plant location.” Oper. Res., 14, 361.
Fleischacker, S. J., and Randtke, S. J.(1983). “Formation of organic chlorine in public water supplies.” J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 75(3), 132–138.
ILOG CPLEX 6.5 user’s manual. (1999). ILOG, Inc., Mountain View, Calif.
Nemhauser, G. L., and Wolsey, L. A. (1988). Integer and combinatorial optimization, Wiley, New York.
Nguyen, B., and Montiel, A.(1994). “Online quality control in distribution networks.” Water Supply, 12(2), 289–299.
Rao, H. S., and Bree, Jr., D. W.(1977). “Extended period simulation of water systems—Part A.” J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 103(2), 97–108.
Rossman, L. A. (1999). “The EPANET Programmer’s Toolkit for analysis of water distribution systems.” Proc., Annual Water Resources Planning and Management Conf., CD-ROM, ASCE, Reston, Va.
Rossman, L. A., Clark, R. M., and Grayman, W. M.(1994). “Modeling chlorine residuals in drinking-water distribution systems.” J. Environ. Eng., 120(4), 803–820.
Stevens, A. A., Moore, L. A., and Miltner, R. J.(1989). “Formation and control of non-trihalomethane disinfection by-products.” J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 81(8), 54–60.
Symons, J. M., et al. (1996). “Influence of bromide ion on trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation.” Disinfection–By-products in water treatment: The chemistry of their formation and control, R. A. Minear and G. L. Amy, eds., Lewis, New York.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 16, 2000
Accepted: Aug 21, 2001
Published online: Aug 15, 2002
Published in print: Sep 2002
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.