Sampling Design for Network Model Calibration Using Genetic Algorithms
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 126, Issue 4
Abstract
Today, most municipal water utilities use computerized numerical models of their distribution networks. These models must be calibrated to the physical system if they are to provide accurate results. Calibration entails adjusting certain model parameters, usually the pipe roughness coefficients, until the model accurately predicts the results of a series of flow tests. The choice of flow test locations, the sampling design, is currently done on an ad hoc basis. If the flow test locations are less than optimal, the data collected may yield insufficient information for an accurate calibration, leaving the modeler a choice between collecting more data, at additional expense, or using a less accurate model. This paper describes the use of a genetic algorithm to optimize the sampling design. The genetic algorithm was applied to a network model for a small town in Ohio and shown to perform extremely well, matching the optimal solutions produced by complete enumeration in a series of validation tests.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Cesario, L. (1995). Modeling, analysis, and design of water distribution systems, American Water Works Association, Denver.
2.
DeJong, K. A. ( 1975). “An analysis of the behavior of a class of genetic adaptive systems.” PhD thesis. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
3.
Gofman, E., and Rodeh, M. (1981). “Loop equations with unknown pipe characteristics.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 107(9), 1047–1060.
4.
Goldberg, D. (1989). Genetic algorithms in search, optimization, and machine learning, Addison-Wesley, New York.
5.
Halhal, D., Walters, G. A., Ouazar, D., and Savic, D. A. (1997). “Water network rehabilitation with structured messy genetic algorithm.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt., ASCE, 123(3), 137–146.
6.
Holland, J. (1975). Adaptation in natural and artificial systems. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.
7.
Lansey, K., and Basnet, C. (1991). “Parameter estimation for water distribution networks.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt., ASCE, 117(1), 126–144.
8.
Meier, R. W., and Barkdoll, B. D. (1999). “System calibration sampling design by genetic algorithm.” Proc., 26th Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt. Conf., ASCE, Reston, Va.
9.
Mitchell, M. ( 1996). An introduction to genetic algorithms, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 172.
10.
Ormsbee, L. E. (1989). “Implicit network calibration.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt., ASCE, 115(2), 243–257.
11.
Ormsbee, L. E., and Wood, D. J. (1986). “Explicit pipe network calibration.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt., ASCE, 112(2), 166–182.
12.
Reis, L. F. R., Porto, R. M., and Chaudhry, F. H. (1997). “Optimal location of control valves in pipe networks by genetic algorithm.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt. ASCE, 123(6), 317–326.
13.
Savic, D. A., and Walters, G. A. (1997). “Genetic algorithms for least-cost design of water distribution networks.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt., ASCE, 123(2), 67–77.
14.
Viessman, W., and Hammer, M. J. (1998). Water supply and pollution control., 6th Ed., Addison-Wesley, Menlo Park, Calif.
15.
Walski, T. M. (1983). “Technique for calibrating network models.”J. Water Resour. Plng. and Mgmt., ASCE, 109(4), 360–372.
16.
Walski, T. M. (1995). “An approach for handling sprinklers, hydrants, and orifices in water distribution system models.” Proc., Am. Water Works Assn. Conf., American Water Works Association, Denver, 469–485.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 126 • Issue 4 • July 2000
Pages: 245 - 250
History
Received: Mar 10, 2000
Published online: Jul 1, 2000
Published in print: Jul 2000
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.