Permanent Deformation in Flexible Pavements
Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 130, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper presents a mechanistic-empirical framework for evaluating permanent deformation in flexible pavements. The procedure uses rational material properties and can be used as an analysis tool, as a companion to the design method. The material properties required are (1) the stress dependent modulus of the pavement layers, asphalt concrete and granular base/subbase, and (2) the relation between the accumulated and the resilient strain with the number of load repetitions and stress level. The procedure is a compromise between simple and advanced approaches, between linear elasticity and nonlinear incremental finite element approaches. In addition to this improvement, the proposed procedure uses the “actual” temperature distribution in the asphalt layer at every hour in the whole design period. It is evaluated by computing the rut depth in well-designed pavements. All the results for the pavement response under different conditions are within the expected ranges.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO). (1962). “The AASHO Road Test, Report 5, Pavement Research.” Highway Research Board Special Rep. No. 61E, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., p. 352.
Barker, W. R., Brabston, W. N., and Chou, Y. T. (1977). “A general system for the structural design of flexible pavements.” Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., I, 209–248.
Barksdale, R. D. (1972). “Laboratory evaluation of rutting in base course materials.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, London, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., I, 161–174.
Claessen, A. I. M., Edwards, J. M., Somme, P., and Uge, P. (1977). “Asphalt pavement design, the Shell method.” Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., I, 39–74.
Deacon, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Guada, I., Popescu, L., and Monismith, C. L. (2002). “An analytically based approach to rutting prediction.” Proc., 81st Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). (1978). “Airport pavement design and evaluation.” Advisory Circular No. AC 150/5320-6C, Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.
Kenis, W. J. (1977). “Predictive design procedures—A design method for flexible pavements using the VESYS structural subsystem.” Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., I, 101–130.
Lytton, R. L., Pufahl, D. E., Michalak, C. H., Liang, H. S., and Dempsey, B. J. (1990). “An integrated model of the climatic effects on pavements.” Rep. No. FHWA-RD-90-033, Texas Transportation Institute, College Station, Tex. and FHWA, McLean, Va., 285.
Lytton, R. L., Uzan, J., Fernando, E. G., Roque, R., Hiltumen, D., and Stoffels, S. M. (1993). “Development and validation of performance prediction models and specifications for asphalt binders and paving mixes.” SHRP A-357 Rep., National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Monismith, C. L., Inkabi, K., Freeme, C. R., and McLean, D. B. (1977), “A subsystem to predict rutting in asphalt concrete pavement structures.” Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., I, 529–539.
Morris, J., Haas, R. C. G., Reilly, P., and Hignell, E. T. (1974). “Permanent deformation in asphalt pavements can be predicted.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Williamsburg, Va., 43, 41–76.
National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP). (1999a). “NCHRP 9-19, superpave support and performance models management, advanced AC mixture material characterization models framework and laboratory test plan.,” Final Rep., submitted by Superpave Models Team, Dr. M. W. Witczak, Project Principal Investigator, Arizona State University, Tucson, Ariz.
National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP). (1999b). “Development of the 2002 guide for the design of new and rehabilitated pavement structures.” NCHRP Research Project Rep., Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Shook, J. F., Finn, F. N., Witczak, M. W., and Monismith, C. L. (1982). “Thickness design of asphalt pavements—The Asphalt Institute method.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, I, 17–44.
Uzan, J. (1976). “The influence of the interface condition on stress distribution in a layered system.” Transportation Research Board No. 616, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 71–73.
Uzan, J. (1985a). “Granular material characterization.” Transportation Research Record No. 1022, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 52–59.
Uzan, J.(1985b). “Extension of the CBR method to highway pavements.” J. Transp. Eng., 111(5), 561–569.
Uzan, J. (1993). “Advanced backcalculation techniques.” Proc., 2nd Int. Symp. on NDT of Pavements and Backcalculation of Moduli, ASTM Special Technical Publications No. 1198, Philadelphia, 1994, 3–37.
Uzan, J. (1996). “A pavement design and rehabilitation system.” Transportation Research Record No. 1539, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 110–115.
Uzan, J. (1997). “Fatigue cracking evaluation.” Transportation Research Record No. 1570, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 89–95.
Uzan, J. (1998). “Characterization of clayey subgrade materials for mechanistic design of flexible pavements.” Transportation Research Record No. 1629, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 189–196.
Uzan, J.(1999a). “Granular material characterization for mechanistic pavement design.” J. Transp. Eng., 125(2), 108–113.
Uzan, J. (1999b). “Permanent deformation of a granular base material.” Transportation Research Record No. 1673, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 89–94.
Uzan, J., and Lytton, R. L. (1982). “Structural design of flexible pavements: A simple predictive model.” Transportation Research Record No. 888, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 56–63.
Uzan, J., Zollinger, D. G., and Lytton, R. L. (1991). “Mechanistic/empirical model for the structural design of flexible pavement.” Research Rep. No. 455-1, Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Tex., 294.
Zaghloul, S., and White, T. (1993). “Use of a three-dimensional, dynamic finite element program for analysis of flexible pavement.” Transportation Research Record No. 1388, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 60–69.
Zuo, G., Meier, R. W., and Drumm, E. C. (2002). “The effect of temperature averaging on predicted pavement life.” Proc., 81st Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 130 • Issue 1 • January 2004
Pages: 6 - 13
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 9, 2002
Accepted: Dec 16, 2002
Published online: Dec 15, 2003
Published in print: Jan 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.