TECHNICAL PAPERS
Jul 1, 1984

Improvements to Pavement Subgrade Strain Criterion

Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 110, Issue 6

Abstract

Relationships between maximum allowable elastic strain on the subgrade and number of load repetitions have been used extensively in pavement design procedures. Their development is reviewed to allow a proper perspective on their correct use and as a background for describing improvements which take account of the differing deformation resistance offered by various asphalt mixtures. These improvements are derived from both field data and the results of an extensive testing program during the last four years at the University of Nottingham using repeated load triaxial tests. A continuously graded dense bitumen macadam base can carry more than 1‐1/2 times the number of load applications before developing the same limiting rut depth as a gap graded hot rolled asphalt of equal elastic stiffness. Factors on the design life against permanent deformation are given for four typical materials for use in conjunction with the subgrade strain criterion.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1.
“The AASHO Road Test; Part 5, Pavement Research,” Highway Research Board, Special Report No. 61E, 1962.
2.
Brown, S. F., “A Simplified Fundamental Design Procedure for Bituminous Pavements,” The Highway Engineer, Vol. 21, Nos. 8–9, 1974, pp. 14–23.
3.
Brown, S. F., and Brunton, J. M., “Microcomputers for Pavement Design,” Proceedings of the Conference on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa, Vol. 1, Cape Town, 1984, pp. 139–151.
4.
Brown, S. F., Brunton, J. M., and Pell, P. S., “The Development and Implementation of Analytical Design for British Conditions,” Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, 1982, pp. 3–16.
5.
Brown, S. F., and Cooper, K. E., “Improved Asphalt Mixes for Heavily Trafficked Roads,” Proceedings of the Conference on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa, Vol. 1, Cape Tenn, 1984, pp. 545–560.
6.
Brunton, J. M., “Developments in the Analytical Design of Asphalt Pavements using Computers,” thesis presented to the University of Nottingham, 1983, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
7.
Claessen, A. I. M., Edwards, J. M., Sommer, P., and Uge, P., “Asphalt Pavement Design—The Shell Method,” Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1977, pp. 39–74.
8.
Croney, D., “Failure Criteria for Flexible Pavements,” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, London, 1972, pp. 608–612.
9.
Dorman, G. M., and Edwards, J. M., “Shell 1963 Design Charts for Flexible Pavements—An Outline of Their Development,” OPD Report No. 232/64M, Shell International Petroleum Company, Limited, Apr., 1964.
10.
Dorman, G. M., and Metcalf, C. T., “Design Curves for Flexible Pavements Based on Layered System Theory,” Highway Research Record No. 71, 1965, pp. 69–84.
11.
Edwards, J. M., and Valkering, C. P., “Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements for Road Vehicles—The Influence of High Temperatures,” Highways and Road Construction, Feb., 1974, pp. 4–9.
12.
Francken, L., “Permanent Deformation Law of Bituminous Road Mixes in Repeated Triaxial Compression,” 4th International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1977, pp. 483–496.
13.
Freeme, C. R., Maree, J. H., and Viljoen, A. W., “Mechanistic Design of Asphalt Pavements and Verification Using the Heavy Vehicle Simulator,” 5th International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, Delft, 1982, pp. 156–173.
14.
“A Guide to the Structural Design of Pavements for New Roads,” Road Research Laboratory, Road Note No. 29, 3rd ed., HMSO, London, 1970.
15.
Heukelom, W., and Klomp, A. J. G., “Road Design and Dynamic Loading,” Proceedings AAPT, Vol. 33, 1964, pp. 92–123.
16.
Lister, N. W., “The Transient and Long Term Performance of Pavements in Relation to Temperature,” Proceedngs of the 3rd International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, London, 1972, pp. 94–100.
17.
Monismith, C. L., “Rutting Prediction in Asphalt Concrete Pavements,” Transportation Research Record 616, 1976, pp. 1–19.
18.
Monismith, C. L., and McLean, D. B., “Strucutural Design Considerations,” Symposium on Technology of Thick Lift Constructions Proceedings AAPT, Vol. 41, 1972, pp. 258–305.
19.
Peattie, K. R., “A Fundamental Approach to the Design of Flexible Pavements,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1962, pp. 403–411.
20.
Peutz, M. G. F., Van Kempen, H. P. M., and Jones, A., “Layered Systems Under Normal Surface Loads,” Highway Record 228, 1968, pp. 34–45.
21.
Porter, O. J., “The Preparation of Subgrades,” Proceedings of the Highway Research Board, Washington, 1938, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 324–331.
22.
“Shell 1963 Design Charts for Flexible Pavements,” Shell International Petroleum Company, Limited, London, 1963.
23.
“Shell Pavement Design Manual—Asphalt Pavements and Overlays for Road Traffic,” London, 1978.
24.
Shook, J. F., Finn, F. N., Witzak, M. W., and Monismith, C. L., “Thickness Design of Asphalt Pavements—The Asphalt Institute Method,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, 1982, pp. 17–44.
25.
“Specification for Coated Macadam for Roads and Other Paved Areas,” British Standards Institution, BS 4987, 1973.
26.
“Specification for Rolled Asphalt (Hot Process) for Roads and Other Paved Areas,” British Standards Institution, BS 594, 1971.
27.
Thickness Design—Asphalt Pavements for Highways and Streets, The Asphalt Institute, Manual Series No. 1 (MS‐1), 9th Ed., 1981.
28.
Van Der Loo, P. J., “A Practical Approach to the Prediction of Rutting in Asphalt Pavements,” Transportation Research Record 616, 1976, pp. 15–21.
29.
Van Der Poel, C., “A General System Describing the Visco‐Elastic Properties of Bitumens and its Relation to Routine Test Data,” Journal of Applied Chemistry, Vol. 4, 1954, pp. 221–236.
30.
Verstraeten, J., Ververka, V., and Francken, L., “Rational and Practical Designs of Asphalt Pavements to Avoid Cracking and Rutting,” Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, 1982, pp. 45–58.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Transportation Engineering
Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 110Issue 6July 1984
Pages: 551 - 567

History

Published online: Jul 1, 1984
Published in print: Jul 1984

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Stephen F. Brown
Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham, England
Janet M. Brunton
Sr. Research Asst., Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham, England

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share