TECHNICAL PAPERS
Nov 1, 1988

Simulating Disturbances in GPS by Continuous Satellite Distribution

Publication: Journal of Surveying Engineering
Volume 114, Issue 4

Abstract

Rough error estimations of positioning are considerably simplified by taking continuous satellite observation distributions into account. Forming normal equations by integration allows explicit calculations of the effects of the measurement errors on position. Application of this method to tropospheric delay shows a very good correspondence with real measurements. An error in refractivity determination of 1% causes a 6‐mm height error per 1‐km height difference. It is shown that the tropospheric ranging errors contaminate the height errors with an amplification factor of nearly three. Baseline determinations can be treated exactly in the same way. As a further example, the effect of phase center variation will be discussed.

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References

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Beutler, G., et al. (1987). “Atmospheric refraction and important biases in GPS carrier phase observations.” Paper presented at IUGG Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, Aug.
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Beutler, G., and Gurtner, W. (1986). Influence of tropospheric refraction on the evaluation of GPS phase observation. University of Berne. Berne, Switzerland.
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Cocard, M. (1987). “Geodätische Auswertung von GPS‐ Messungen (im GPS‐Testnetz Turtmann im Wallis).” Bericht Nr.129, Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie, Zürich, Switzerland (in German).
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Cocard, M., et al. (1988). “Versuche zur Kalibrierung von WM101 Antennen.” Bericht 142, Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie, Zürich, Switzerland (in German).
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Geiger, A. (19876). “Simplified error estimation of satellite positioning.” Paper presented at GPS Technology Workshop, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
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Geiger, A. (1988). “Modeling of phase center variation and its influence on GPS positioning.” Paper presented at International GPS Workshop, Darmstadt, FRG, Apr.
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Gurtner, W., et al. (1987). “The use of GPS in mountainous areas.” Paper presented at Int IUGG Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, Aug.
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Sims, M. L. (1985). “Phase center variation in the geodetic TI4100 GPS receiver system's conical spiral antenna.” Proc. First Int. Symp. on Precise Positioning with the Global Positioning System, U.S. Department of Commerce, Rockville, Md., May.
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Go to Journal of Surveying Engineering
Journal of Surveying Engineering
Volume 114Issue 4November 1988
Pages: 182 - 194

History

Published online: Nov 1, 1988
Published in print: Nov 1988

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Authors

Affiliations

Alain Geiger
Res. Assoc., Inst. of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, ETH Zürich, CH‐8093 Zürich, Switzerland

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