Hybrid Procedure for Cracking and Time-Dependent Effects in Composite Frames at Service Load
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 133, Issue 2
Abstract
A hybrid analytical-numerical procedure has been presented to take into account the effect of concrete cracking and time-dependent effects of creep and shrinkage in composite beams of the composite frames subjected to service load. The procedure is analytical at the element level and numerical at the structural level. The cracked span length beam element consisting of an uncracked zone in middle and cracked zones at the ends has been proposed for the composite beams to reduce the computational effort. The progressive nature of cracking of concrete of composite beams has been taken into account by division of the time into a number of time intervals. Closed form expressions for flexibility coefficients, end displacements, crack lengths, and midspan deflection of the cracked span length beam element have been presented in order to reduce the computational effort. The procedure has been validated in a limiting case by comparison with the experimental and analytical results reported elsewhere and also by comparison with FEM. The proposed procedure would lead to a considerable saving in computational time in case of large composite structures, e.g., tall composite building frames.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Amadio, C., and Fragiacomo, M. (1997). “Simplified approach to evaluate creep and shrinkage effects in steel-concrete composite beams.” J. Struct. Eng., 123(9), 1153–1162.
Bazant, Z. P. (1972). “Prediction of concrete creep-effects using age adjusted effective modulus method.” ACI J., 69(4), 212–217.
Bradford, M. A., and Gilbert, R. I. (1991). “Experiments on composite tee-beams at service loads.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng., Transp., CE33(4), 285–291.
Bradford, M. A., and Gilbert, R. I. (1992). “Composite beams with partial interaction under sustained loads.” J. Struct. Eng. 118(7), 1871–1883.
Bradford, M. A., Manh, H. Vu., and Gilbert, R. I. (2002). “Numerical analysis of continuous composite beams at service loading.” Adv. Struct. Eng., 5(1), 1–12.
Comité Euro International du Beton-Fédération International de la Précontrainte, (CEB-FIP) MC 90. (1993). Model code for concrete structures, Thomas Telford, London.
Cusson, D., and Repette, W. L. (2000). “Early age cracking in reconstructed concrete bridge barrier walls.” ACI Mater. J., 97(4), 438–446.
Dezi, L., Leoni, G., and Tarantino, A. M. (1995). “Time-dependent analysis of prestressed composite beams.” J. Struct. Eng., 121(4), 621–633.
Dezi, L., Leoni, G., and Tarantino, A. M. (1996). “Algebraic methods for creep analysis of continuous composite beams.” J. Struct. Eng., 122(4), 423–430.
Dezi, L., and Tarantino, A. M. (1993). “Creep in composite continuous beams. I: Theoretical treatment.” J. Struct. Eng., 119(7), 2095–2111.
Elbadry, M., Youakim, S., and Ghali, A. (2003). “Model analysis of time-dependent stresses and deformations in structural concrete.” Prog. Struct. Eng. Mater., 5(3), 153–166.
Fragiacomo, M., Amadio, C., and Macorini, L. (2004). “Finite-element model for collapse and long-term analysis of steel-concrete composite beams.” J. Struct. Eng., 130(3), 489–497.
Ghali, A., Favre, R., and Elbadry, M. (2002). Concrete structures: Stresses and deformations, 3rd Ed, E & Spon, London.
Gilbert, R. I. (1988). Time effects in concrete structures, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Gilbert, R. I., and Bradford, M. A. (1995). “Time-dependent behavior of continuous composite beams at service loads.” J. Struct. Eng., 121(2), 319–327.
Kwak, H. G., and Seo, Y. G. (2000). “Long term behavior of composite girder bridges.” Comput. Struct., 74(5), 583–599.
Kwak, H. G., and Seo, Y. G. (2002). “Numerical analysis of time-dependent behavior of pre-cast pre-stressed concrete girder bridges.” Constr. Build. Mater., 16(1), 49–63.
Mari, A., Mirambell, E., and Estrada, I. (2003). “Effect of construction process and slab prestressing on the serviceability behavior of composite bridges.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 59(2), 135-163.
Ohelers, D. J., and Bradford, M. A. (1999). Elementary behaviour of composite steel and concrete structural members, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
Sakr, M., and Lapos, J. (1998). “Time-dependent analysis of partially prestressed continuous composite beams.” 2nd Int. Ph.D. Symposium in Civil Eng., Budapest.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 133 • Issue 2 • February 2007
Pages: 166 - 175
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: Jun 20, 2005
Accepted: Mar 27, 2006
Published online: Feb 1, 2007
Published in print: Feb 2007
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: M. Asghar Bhatti
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.