Seismic Performance of Steel Girder Bridges with Ductile Cross Frames Using Single Angle X Braces
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VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLEPublication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 3
Abstract
Ductile end cross frames have been proposed in the past as a seismic design and retrofit strategy for steel plate girder bridges. In this paper it is shown that with good connection details, single angles are able to undergo large cyclic deformations in excess of 6% average axial strain before failure occurs. Large-scale shake table experiments were performed on a straight steel I-girder bridge model to evaluate the performance of a superstructure with ductile end cross frames using single angle X braces. The cross frames exhibited no apparent overall strength degradation, but also a comparatively low postyield stiffness, allowing the cross frames to act as effective structural fuses. The measured base shear was 61% of the elastic base shear in response to 2.0 times the El Centro earthquake at an average drift of 3.4%. Large girder drifts were achieved without distress in the deck slab by removing selected studs between the slab and top flange of the girders at the end cross frame locations, with axial deformations in the angles well below their deformation capacity based on component experiments.
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Acknowledgments
This project was funded by the Federal Highway Administration through the Highway Project at the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering, University of Buffalo under Contract No. UNSPECIFIEDDTFH61-98-C-00094. Additional funding was provided by the California Department of Transportation under Contract No. UNSPECIFIED59Y564. Grateful acknowledgment is made to both agencies for their generous support.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 132 • Issue 3 • March 2006
Pages: 329 - 337
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Jan 14, 2005
Accepted: Jun 27, 2005
Published online: Mar 1, 2006
Published in print: Mar 2006
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Reginald DesRoches
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