Effects of Loading Protocol on the Cyclic Response of Woodframe Shearwalls
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 129, Issue 10
Abstract
Standard construction woodframe shearwalls were tested using different loading protocols. The CUREE-Caltech protocols, recently developed by Krawinkler in 2001, were compared with other previously used protocols. The following protocols were considered in the study: monotonic, CUREE-Caltech standard (CUREE), CUREE-Caltech near-fault, sequential phased displacement (SPD), and international standards organization. Findings from the research indicate that loading sequence has a significant influence on shearwall performance. Protocols with a large number of cycles (SPD) tended to produce nail fatigue fractures, which were not nearly as prevalent in protocols with lower numbers of cycles (CUREE). The research clearly showed that the nail fatigue fractures were associated with a large energy demand related to the number of cycles, which resulted in a reduced ultimate strength and deformation capacity. The initial stiffness of the specimens was relatively unaffected by the loading protocol used; however, there was significant variation in the stiffness values obtained depending on the stiffness definition used.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
ASTM. (1995a). “E 72-Standard test methods of conducting strength tests of panels for building construction.” Annual book of standard, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pa.
ASTM. (1995b). “E 564-Static load test for shear resistance of framed walls for buildings.” Annual book of standard, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pa.
Dinehart, D. W., and Shenton, H. W., III. (1998). “Comparison of static and dynamic response of timber shear walls.” J. Struct. Eng., 124(6), 686–695.
Dolan, J. D. (1999). “Code development for seismic design of woodframe structures: Testing needs.” Proc., Invitational Workshop on Seismic Testing, Analysis and Design of Woodframe Construction, Pub. No. W-01, California Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering, Richmond, Calif., 9–14.
Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI). (1995). Earthquake spectra, Supplement C to Volume 11, Northridge Earthquake Reconnaissance Rep., Vol. 1, Oakland, Calif.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). (1997). NEHRP guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings, FEMA-273, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C.
Ficcadenti, S., Steiner, M., Pardoen, G., and Kazanjy, R. (1998). “Cyclic load testing of wood-framed, plywood sheathed shear walls using ASTM E564 and three loading sequences.” Proc., 6th U.S. National Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, EERI, El Cerrito, Calif.
He, M., Lam, F., and Prion, H.(1998). “Influence of cyclic test protocols on performance of wood-based shear walls.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 25(3), 539–550.
International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO). (1997). Uniform Building Code, International Conference of Building Officials, Whittier, Calif.
International Code Council (ICC). (2000). International Building Code, International Code Council, Inc., Falls Church, Va.
ISO. (1998). Timber structures—Joints made with mechanical fasteners—Quasi-static reversed-cyclic test method, ISO/TC 165 WD 16670, Secretariat, Standards Council of Canada, Ottawa.
Karacabeyli, E. (1998). “Lateral resistance of nailed shear walls subjected to static and cyclic displacements.” Research Rep., Forest Products Society 49th Annual Meeting, Portland, Ore.
Karacabeyli, E., and Ceccotti, A. (1998). “Nailed wood-frame shear walls for seismic loads: Test results and design considerations.” Structural engineering world wide, Paper No. T207-6, Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford, England.
Krawinkler, H., Parisi, F., Ibarra, L., Ayoub, A., and Medina, R. (2001). “Development of a testing protocol for wood frame structures.” CUREE-Caltech Woodframe Project Rep. No. W-02, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
Rose, J. (1999). “Seismic testing needs for wood shearwalls and diaphragms.” Proc., Invitational Workshop on Seismic Testing, Analysis and Design of Woodframe Construction, Pub. No. W-01, California Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering, Richmond, Calif., 103–109.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 29, 2002
Accepted: Sep 27, 2002
Published online: Sep 15, 2003
Published in print: Oct 2003
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.