Modeling Three-Dimensional Timber Light-Frame Buildings
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 127, Issue 8
Abstract
A nonlinear finite-element model (LightFrame3D) is presented in this paper to study the performance of 3D timber light-frame buildings under static loading conditions. The uniqueness of the model is the implementation of a mechanics-based representation of the load-deformation characteristics of individual panel-to-frame nail connections in the diaphragm system. This approach requires as input basic material properties and static load-deformation characteristics of the connections. The model can analyze a light-frame building with varied material and structural components and combined loading conditions. Either load control or displacement control can be used as input history. The model was verified and tested by theoretical and experimental means and good agreements were achieved. The model can provide information on the hysteresis behavior of structures under cyclic loading and the torsional response of eccentric 3D buildings.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Baber, T., and Noori, M. N. (1985). “Random vibration of degrading, pinching systems.”J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 111(8), 1010–1026.
2.
Baber, T., and Wen, Y. K. (1981). “Random vibration of hysteretic degrading systems.”J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 107(6), 1069–1087.
3.
Case, P. C., and Isyumov, N. ( 1995). “Initial study of the performance of a wood structure with a pitched roof slope of 4:12 under extreme wind loads.” Draft Rep. BLWTL-SS-1995 Prepared for Canadian Wood Council and American Forest and Paper Association, Facu. of Engrg. Sci., University of Western Ontario, Ont., Canada.
4.
Chehab, M. ( 1982). “Seismic analysis of a two-story wood framed house using the response spectrum technique.” MSc dissertation, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.
5.
Cook, R. D., Malkus, D. S., and Plesha, M. E. ( 1989). Concepts and applications of finite element analysis, 3rd Ed., Wiley, New York.
6.
Davenne, L., Daudeville, L., Richard, N., Kawai, N., and Yasumura, M. ( 1998). “Modeling of timber shear walls with nailed joints under cyclic loading.” Proc., 5th World Conf. on Timber Engrg., J. Natterer and J.-L. Sandoz, eds., Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, Lausanne, Switzerland, Vol. 1, 353–360.
7.
Dolan, J. D. ( 1989). “The dynamic response of timber shear walls.” PhD dissertation, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
8.
Durham, J., Prion, H. G. L., Lam, F., and He, M. ( 1997). “Earthquake resistance of shear walls with oversized sheathing panels.” Proc., Recent Adv. in Understanding Full-Scale Behavior in Wood Buildings, Forest Products Society, Madison, Wis., 57–64.
9.
Filiatrault, A., Uang, C.-M., and Seible, F. ( 2000). “Ongoing seismic testing and analysis program in the CUREe-Caltech woodframe project in California.” Proc., World Conf. on Timber Engrg., Dept. of Wood Sci., ed., University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
10.
Foliente, G. C. ( 1993). “Stochastic dynamic response of wood structural systems.” PhD dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.
11.
Foschi, R. O. ( 1974). “Load-slip characteristics of nails.” Wood Sci., 7(1), 69–76.
12.
Foschi, R. O. ( 1977). “Analysis of wood diaphragms and trusses, Part one: Diaphragms.” Can. J. Civ. Engrg., Ottawa, 4(3), 345–352.
13.
Foschi, R. O. ( 1990). Diaphragm analysis program—User's manual (version 1.1), University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
14.
Foschi, R. O. ( 1995). Diaphragm analysis program 3D—User's manual (version 1-1), University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
15.
Foschi, R. O. ( 1997). SSP: A general structural analysis for stressed-skin panels, user's manual, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
16.
Foschi, R. O. ( 2000). “Modeling the hysteretic response of mechanical connections for wood structures.” Proc., World Conf. on Timber Engrg., Dept. of Wood Sci., ed., University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
17.
Foschi, R. O., and Yao, F. ( 2000). “Determining embedment response parameters from connector tests.” Proc., World Conf. on Timber Engrg., Dept. of Wood Sci., ed., University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
18.
Gupta, A. K., and Kuo, G. P. (1987). “Modeling of a wood-framed house.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 113(2), 260–278.
19.
Gupta, A. K., and Kuo, P. H. (1985). “Behavior of wood-framed shear walls.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 111(8), 1722–1733.
20.
Hall, J. F. ( 2000). “The CUREe-Caltech woodframe project.” Proc., World Conf. on Timber Engrg., Dept. of Wood Sci., ed., University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
21.
Kasal, B., Collins, M., Foliente, G. C., and Paevere, P. ( 1999). “A hybrid deterministic and stochastic approach to inelastic modeling and analysis of light-frame buildings.” Proc., 1st Int. RILEM Symp. on Timber Engrg., L. Boström, ed., RILEM, Cachan, Cedex, France, 61–77.
22.
Kasal, B., Leichti, R. J., and Itani, R. Y. (1994). “Nonlinear finite-element model of complete light-frame wood structures.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 120(1), 100–119.
23.
Kasal, B., and Xu, H. ( 1997). “A mathematical model of connections with nonlinear nonconservative hysteretic behavior.” Proc., Earthquake Perf. and Safety of Timber Struct., G. C. Foliente, ed., Forest Products Society, Madison, Wis.
24.
Schmidt, R. J., and Moody, R. C. (1989). “Modeling laterally loaded light-frame buildings.”J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 115(1), 201–217.
25.
Sieber, D., Lam, F., and Prion, H. ( 1997). The behaviour of nailed sheathing-to-frame connections under static and cyclic load, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
26.
Stewart, W. G., Dean, J. A., and Carr, A. J. ( 1988). “The earthquake behavior of plywood sheathed shearwalls.” Proc., Int. Timber Engrg. Conf., R. Y. Itani, ed., Vol. 2, Forest Products Society, Madison, Wis., 248–261.
27.
Tuomi, R. L., and McCutcheon, W. J. ( 1974). “Testing of a full-scale house under simulated snowloads and windloads.” Res. Paper, FPL-234, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wis.
28.
Yasumura, M., Murota, T., Nishiyama, I., and Yamaguchi, N. ( 1988). “Experiments on a three-storied wooden frame building subjected to horizontal load.” Proc., Int. Timber Engrg. Conf., R. Y. Itani, ed., Vol. 2, Forest Products Society, Madison, Wis., 262–275.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Received: May 30, 2000
Published online: Aug 1, 2001
Published in print: Aug 2001
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.