Biaxially Loaded Concrete-Encased Composite Columns: Design Equation
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 123, Issue 12
Abstract
The main objective of the work presented in this paper is to propose a design equation to predict and check the ultimate load capacity of short and slender concrete-encased square and rectangular composite columns under uniaxial or biaxial bending moments and axial load. The proposed design equation satisfies basic analysis and design parameters of both the American Concrete Institute (ACI) and the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC). It is simple to use, and is compatible with the principles of equilibrium—consistent deformation and structural stability. The second order effects on slender columns are considered by incorporating a moment magnification factor similar to the one used by the ACI for reinforced concrete columns, with the appropriate adjustments for rectangular composite columns. The proposed design equation was used to predict the ultimate axial load capacity of more than 80 square and rectangular composite column specimens. The analytical results were compared with the actual test results and current ACI and AISC design methods. The accuracy obtained in predicting the ultimate axial load capacity and checking the design of a composite section under uniaxial or biaxial bending moments and axial load confirms the validity of the proposed design equation.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
ACI Committee 318. (1992). Building code requirements for reinforced concrete (ACI 318-92) and commentary (ACI 318R-92). Am. Concrete Inst., Detroit, Mich.
2.
Allowable stress design manual of steel construction, 9th Ed. (1990). Am. Inst. of Steel Constr., Chicago, Ill.
3.
Basu, A. K., and Sommerville, W. (1969). “Derivation of formulae for the design of rectangular composite columns.”Paper 72065, Instn. of Civ. Engrs., London, England.
4.
Bondale, D. S.(1966). “Column theory with special reference to composite columns.”Consulting Engr., London, England, 30(7), 72–77.
5.
Bresler, B.(1960). “Design criteria for reinforced columns under axial load and biaxial bending.”ACI J., 57(11), 481–490.
6.
Brettle, R. Q.(1973). “Ultimate strength design of composite columns.”J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 99(9), 1931–1951.
7.
Chen, W. F., and Duan, L.(1989). “Design interaction equation for steel beam-columns.”J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 115(5), 1225–1243.
8.
Deutsche norm. (1984). “Normenausschuß Bauwesen (NABau) im DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.”DIN 18 806, März, 1–10 (in German).
9.
Furlong, R. W. (1978). “A recommendation: Composite column design rules consistent with specifications of the AISC.”Structural stability research council, (5), Boston, Mass.
10.
Furlong, R. W.(1983). “Comparison of AISC, SSLC, and ACI specifications for composite columns.”J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 109(9), 1784–1803.
11.
Griffis, L. G. (1992). “Load and resistance factor design of W-shapes encased in concrete.”AISC steel design guide series no. 6, Am. Inst. of Steel Constr., Chicago, Ill.
12.
Hsu, C.-T. T.(1988). “Analysis and design of square and rectangular columns by equation of failure surface.”ACI Struct. J., 85(2), 167–179.
13.
Johnson, R. P. (1975). “Chapter 5: composite columns and frames.”Composite structures of steel and concrete, vol. 1, Constrado Monographs, A. Halsted Press Book, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y., 145–206.
14.
Johnson, R. P., and Smith, D. G. E. (1980). “Simple design method for composite columns.”Struct. Engr., London, England, Part A, 58A(3), 85–93.
15.
Johnston, B. G., ed. (1976). Guide to the stability design criteria for metal structures, 3rd Ed., Struct. Stability Res. Council, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
16.
Lachance, L.(1982). “Ultimate strength of biaxially loaded composite sections.”J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 108(10), 2313–2329.
17.
Manual of steel construction, load and resistance factor design, 1st Ed. (1986). Am. Inst. of Steel Constr., Chicago, Ill.
18.
MathCAD V. 2.5. (1989). MathSoft, Inc., Cambridge, Mass.
19.
Morino, S., Matsui, C., and Watanabe, H. (1984). “Strength of biaxially loaded SRC columns.”Proc., ASCE U.S./Japan Joint Seminar on Compos. and Mixed Constr., ASCE, Reston, Va.
20.
Muoz, P. R. (1994). “Behavior of biaxially loaded concrete-encased composite columns,” PhD thesis, New Jersey Inst. of Technol., Newark, N.J.
21.
Roberts, E. H., and Yam, L. C. P. (1983). “Some recent methods for the design of steel, reinforced concrete, and composite steel-concrete columns in the U.K.”ACI J., (3), 139–149.
22.
Roik, K., and Bergmann, R. (1984). “Composite columns—design and examples for construction.”State of the Art Rep. on Compos. or Mixed Steel-Concrete Constr. for Build., 2nd U.S.-Japan Seminar on Compos. Struct.
23.
Roik, K., and Schwalbenhofer, K. (1989). “Experimental and theoretical examinations on the plastic behavior and the rotation capacity of composite beam-columns.”Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften, Stahlbau 58, Berlin, Germany (in German).
24.
Stevens, R. F. (1965). “Encased stanchions.”Struct. Engr., London, England, 43(2).
25.
Structural Stability Research Council (Task Group 20).(1979). “A specification for the design of steel-concrete composite columns.”Engrg. J. AISC, 16(4), 101–115.
26.
Structural use of concrete—part 1: Code of practice for design and construction BS 8110. (1985). British Standards Instn., London, England.
27.
Virdi, K. S., and Dowling, P. J.(1973). “The ultimate strength of composite columns in biaxial bending.”Proc., Instn. of Civ. Engrg., London, England, 2(3), 251–272.
28.
Virdi, K. S., and Dowling, P. J. (1975). “A unified design method for composite columns.”CESUC Rep. CC11, (7), Imperial College, London, England.
29.
Wakabayashi, M. (1977). “A new design method of long composite beam-columns.”Int. Colloqium on Stability of Struct., (5), 742–756.
30.
Watanabe, Y. (1966). “A study of the strength of axially loaded composite columns made with steel H-sections embedded in concrete.”Trans., Arch. Inst. of Japan (in Japanese).
31.
Yee, K. M., Shakir-Khalil, H., and Taylor, R.(1982). “Design expressions for a new type of composite column.”J. Constr. Steel Res., 2(6), 26–32.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 123 • Issue 12 • December 1997
Pages: 1576 - 1585
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Dec 1, 1997
Published in print: Dec 1997
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.