Instantaneous Optimal Control of Building Frames
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 120, Issue 4
Abstract
A control algorithm based on the instantaneous optimal closed‐loop control technique is presented for the control of buildings subjected to earthquake excitations. It is proposed that the building frames be modeled using finite elements, with a two‐node six‐degree‐of‐freedom planar frame element as a basic tool for the example analysis. The instantaneous optimal closed‐loop control algorithm is derived in second‐order form using the Newmark integration scheme. The weighting matrices are so chosen that the instantaneous control technique is unconditionally stable. Examples of the optimal control of a three‐bay 10‐story steel building frame are illustrated using base isolators and active tendons. The input excitations chosen are based on the NS component of the ground acceleration record of the 1940 El Centro earthquake. Results on the reduction of the dynamic response and the control effectiveness of the passive, active, and hybrid control designs are presented and discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Clough, R. W., and Penzien, J. (1975). Dynamics of structures. McGraw‐Hill, New York, N.Y.
2.
Chung, L. L., Lin, R. C., Soong, T. T., and Reinhorn, A. M. (1989). “Experimental study of active control for MDOF seismic structures.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 115(8), 1,609–1,627.
3.
Friedland, B. (1987). Control system design—an introduction to state‐space methods. McGraw‐Hill, New York, N.Y., 341.
4.
Kelly, J. M. (1990). “Base isolation: linear theory and design.” Earthquake Spectra, 6(2), 223–244.
5.
Kelly, J. M., and Beucke, K. E. (1983). “A friction damped base isolator system with fail‐safe characteristics.” Earthquake Engrg. and Struct. Dynamics, 11(1), 33–56.
6.
Kelly, J. M., and Hodder, S. B. (1982). “Experimental study of lead and elastomeric dampers for base isolator systems in laminated neopreme bearings.” Bull. New Zealand Natl. Soc. Earthquake Engrg., 15, 53–67.
7.
Kelly, J. M., Leitmann, G., and Soldatos, A. G. (1987). “Robust control of base‐isolated structures under earthquake excitation.” J. Optimization Theory and Appl., 53(2), 159–180.
8.
Kerr, A. D., and El‐Sibaie, M. A. (1987). “Validation of new equations for dynamic analyses of tall frame‐type structures.” Earthquake Engrg. and Struct. Dynamics, 15, 549–563.
9.
Mondkar, D. P., and Powell, G. H. (1977). “Finite element analysis of nonlinear static and dynamic response.” Int. J. for Numerical Methods in Engrg., 11, 499–520.
10.
Mostaghel, N., and Khodaverdian, M. (1987). “Dynamics of resilient‐friction base isolator.” Earthquake Engrg. and Struct. Dynamics, 15(3), 379–390.
11.
Naiem, F. (1989). “Design for drift and lateral stability.” The seismic design handbook, Naiem, F., ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, N.Y.
12.
Stanton, J., and Roeder, C. (1991). “Advantages and limitations of seismic isolation.” Earthquake Spectra, 7(2), 301–323.
13.
Soong, T. T. (1988). “State‐of‐the‐art review: active structural control in civil engineering.” Engrg. Struct., 10(2), 74–84.
14.
Soong, T. T. (1990). Active structural control: theory and practice. Wiley, New York, N.Y.
15.
Tsai, H. C., and Kelly, J. M. (1989). “Seismic response of the superstructure and attached equipment in a base‐isolated building.” Earthquake Engrg. and Struct. Dynamics, 18(4), 551–564.
16.
Yang, J. N., Akbarpour, A., and Ghaemmaghami, P. (1987). “New optimal control algorithms for structural control.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 113(9), 1,369–1,386.
17.
Yang, J. N., Akbarpour, A., and Askar, G. (1990). “Effect of time delay on control of seismic‐excited buildings.” J. Struct. Mech., ASCE, 116(10), 2,801–2,814.
18.
Yang, J. N., Danielians, A., and Liu, S. C. (1991). “Aseismic hybrid control systems for building structures.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 117(4), 836–853.
19.
Yang, J. N., Li, Z., and Liu, S. C. (1992a). “Stable controllers for instantaneous optimal control.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 118(8), 1,612–1,630.
20.
Yang, J. N., Li, Z., and Liu, S. C. (1992b). “Control of hysteretic system using velocity and acceleration feedbacks.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 118(11), 2,227–2,245.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 7, 1992
Published online: Apr 1, 1994
Published in print: Apr 1994
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.