Behavior of Rolled Section Web under Eccentric Edge Compressive Loads
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 115, Issue 7
Abstract
Webs of rolled and built‐up beams can be subjected to in‐plane compressive edge loads. Since stiffeners are not always provided under the load, it is necessary to check the unstiffened web under this loading condition. The results from 22 tests conducted to study, for the first time, the effect of small eccentricities of the load with respect to the web, are reported in this paper. Eccentricity, the only variable considered, ranges from 0 to 0.5 in. Loads are applied uniformly through a thick patch plate placed eccentrically with respect to the plane of the web on the top flange of the beam, or applied as an eccentric line load through a cylindrical bar placed on the top flange. Practically, there is no reduction in the ultimate capacity of the web due to the eccentricity when the load is applied through the patch plate. Considerable reductions, however, are observed when the load is applied through the cylindrical bar. A linear finite element model is developed. The analysis results are compared with the test results obtained at the initial stages of loading, before large out‐of‐plane displacements or local yielding occur, and the comparison is satisfactory.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bagchi, D. K., and Rockey, K. C. (1975). “Postbuckling behavior of a web plate under partial loading.” Proc., Third Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold Formed Steel Struets., Univ. of Missouri‐Rolla, Rolla, Mo., Nov., 25–284.
2.
Bergfelt, A. (1971). “Studies and tests on slender plate girders without intermediate stiffeners.” Proc., IABSE Coll., Int. Assoc. for Bridge and Struct. Engrs., London, U.K.
3.
Bergfelt, A. (1973). “Incremental collapse of thin webs subjected to cyclic concentrated loads.” Final Rept., IABSE Symp., Int. Assoc. for Bridge and Struct. Engrg., Lisbon, Portugal.
4.
Bergfelt, A. (1976). “The behavior and design of slender webs under patch edge loading.” Int. Conf. on Steel Plated Structs., Imperial Coll., London, U.K.
5.
Bergfelt, A. (1977). “The influence of initial web deformation on the patch loading bearing capacity.” Rept. S77:17, Chalmers Univ. of Tech., Göteborg, Sweden.
6.
Bergfelt, A. (1979). “Patch loading on a slender web—Influence of horizontal and vertical web stiffeners on the load carrying capacity.” Rept. S79:1, Chalmers Univ. of Tech., Göteborg, Sweden.
7.
Bergfelt, A., and Lindgren, S. (1974). “Local web crippling in thin walled plate girders under concentrated loads.” Rept. 5.2 to ECCS Group, European Conv. of Constr. Steelworks, 8:3.
8.
Bergfelt, A., and Hovik, J. (1968). “Thin walled deep plate girders under static load.” IABSE Final Rept., 8th Congress, Int. Assoc. for Bridge and Struct. Engrs., New York, N.Y.
9.
Bergfelt, A., and Hovik, J. (1970). “Shear failure and local web crippling in thinwalled plastic girders.” Rept. S70‐11b, Chalmers Univ. of Tech., Göteborg, Sweden.
10.
Bossert, T. W., and Ostapenko, A. (1967). “Buckling and ultimate loads for plate girder web plates under edge loading.” Rept. 319‐1, Fritz Engrg. Lab., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, Pa.
11.
Drdacky, M., and Novotny, R. (1975). “Partial edge load carrying capacity tests on thin plate girder webs.” Acta Tech. 5, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
12.
Dubas, P., and Gehri, E. (1975). “Behavior of webs under concentrated loads acting between vertical stiffeners.” European Convention of Constr. Steelworks, Commission 8.3, Zurich, Switzerland.
13.
Elgaaly, M. (1975). “Failure of thin‐walled members under patch loading and shear.” Proc., Third Int. Specialty Conf. on Cold‐Formed Steel Structs., Univ. of Missouri‐Rolla, Rolla, Mo.
14.
Elgaaly, M. (1978). “Effect of flange thickness on web capacity under direct inplane loading.” Proc., Annual Tech. Session, Struct. Stability Res. Council, Boston, Mass., May.
15.
Elgaaly, M. (1983). “Web design under compressive edge loads.” AISC Engrg. J., 20(4), 153–171.
16.
Elgaaly, M., and Rockey, K. C. (1973). “Ultimate strength of thin‐walled members under patch loading and bending.” Proc., Second Int. Specialty Conf., on Cold‐Formed Steel Structs., Univ. of Missouri‐Rolla, Rolla, Mo., Oct.
17.
Girkman, K. (1936). “Final Report.” Int. Assoc. for Bridge and Struct. Engrs., Zurich, Switzerland.
18.
Granholm, C. A. (1960‐1961). “Tests on girders with thin web plates.” Rept. 202, Chalmers Univ. of Tech., Göteborg, Sweden.
19.
Herzog, M. (1974a). “Ultimate strength of plate girders from tests.” J. Struct. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 100(5), 849–865.
20.
Herzog, M. (1974b). “Die Kruppellast Sehr Dunner Vollwantdragerstege nach versuchen.” Der Stahlbau, Jan.
21.
Ketchum, M. S., and Draffin, J. O. (1932). “Strength of Light I‐beams.” Bulletin 24, Univ. of Illinois Engrg. Exp. Sta., Feb.
22.
Khan, M. Z., and Johns, K. C. (1975). “Buckling of web plates under combined loadings.” Proc., ASCE, ST10.
23.
Khan, M. Z., Johns, K. C., and Hayman, R. (1977). “Buckling of plates with partially loaded edges.” J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 103(3), 547–558.
24.
Khan, M. Z., and Walker, A. C. (1972). “Buckling of plates subjected to localized edge loading.” The Struct. Engr., 50(6).
25.
Leggett, D. M. A. (1937). “The effect of two isolated forces on the elastic stability of a flat rectangular plate.” Proc., Cambridge Phil. Soc., Vol. 33.
26.
Lyse, I., and Godfrey, H. J. (1935). “Web buckling in steel beams.” Trans., ASCE, 675–695.
27.
Roberts, T. M. (1980). “Experimental and theoretical studies on slender plate girders subjected to edge loading.” Rept., Dept. of Civ. and Struct. Engrg., Univ. Coll., Cardiff, U.K.
28.
Roberts, T. M. (n.d.) “Patch loading on plate girders.” Developments in the Stability and Strength of Structures, Vol. 3: Plated Structures, Applied Science Publishers.
29.
Roberts, T. M. (1981a). “Slender plate girders subjected to edge loading.” Proc., Inst. of Civ. Engrs., London, U.K. 71(2).
30.
Roberts, T. M. (1981b), “Stocky and stiffened plate girders subjected to edge loading.” Rept., Dept. of Civ. and Struct. Engrg., Univ. Coll., Cardiff, U.K.
31.
Roberts, T. M., and Chong, C. K. (1981). “Collapse of plate girders under edge loading.” J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 107(8), 1503–1509.
32.
Roberts, T. M., and Rockey, K. C. (1977). “A method for predicting the collapse load of a plate girder when subjected to patch loading in the plane of the web.” Rept., Dept. of Civ. and Struct. Engrg., Univ. Coll., Cardiff, U.K.
33.
Roberts, T. M., and Rockey, K. C. (1979). “A mechanism solution for predicting the collapse loads of slender plate girders when subjected to in‐plane patch loading.” Proc., Inst. of Civ. Engrs., London, U.K. 67(2).
34.
Rockey, K. C., and Bagchi, D. K. (1970). “Buckling of plate girder webs under partial edge loading.” Int. J. of Mech. Sci., 12, London, U.K.
35.
Rockey, K. C., Elgaaly, M., and Bagchi, D. K. (1972). “Failure of thin walled members under patch loading.” J. Struct. Engrg. Div., 98(12), 2739–2752.
36.
Skaloud, M., and Drdacky, M. (1975). “Ultimate load design of webs of steel plate girders, part 3: webs under concentrated loads.” Staveb Cas., 23C3 Vada, Bartislowe.
37.
Skaloud, M., and Novak, P. (1972). “Post‐buckled behavior and incremental collapse of webs subjected to concentrated load.” Prelim. Publication, 9th Congress, Int. Assoc. for Bridge and Struct. Engrs., Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
38.
Skaloud, M., and Novak, P. (1975). “Post Buckled Behavior of webs under partial edge loading.” Acad. Sci. Rep., Prague, Czechoslovakia, 83(3).
39.
Sommerfeld, A. Z. (1906). Z Math. Phys., 45.
40.
Timoshenko, S. P. (1910). Z Math. Phys., 58.
41.
White, R. M., and Cottingham, W. (1962). “Stability of plates under partial edge loading.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 88(5), 67–86.
42.
Zeltin, L. (1955). “Elastic instability of flat plates subjected to partial edge loads.” Proc., ASCE, Paper 795, Sept.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 115 • Issue 7 • July 1989
Pages: 1561 - 1578
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jul 1, 1989
Published in print: Jul 1989
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.