TECHNICAL PAPERS
Feb 1, 1987

Seismic Performance of Precast Prestressed Concrete Piles

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Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 113, Issue 2

Abstract

ATC3‐06 placed strict limitations on the use of precast prestressed concrete piles in severe seismic regions. Two reasons contributing to the decision were the poor level of understanding of the curvature capacity of such piles and the magnitude of the curvatures which are likely to be imposed on them by a moderate to severe earthquake. This paper describes full‐scale physical experiments to study the former and computer calculations to study the latter. The writers conclude that prestressed concrete piles containing modest amounts of spiral reinforcement should give satisfactory performance in the vast majority of applications on the west coast of the United States, and that the analysis of soil‐pile interaction described here is a useful tool for the design of pile foundations in seismic regions.

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References

1.
ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318‐83),” ACI, Detroit, Mich., 1983.
2.
Banerjee, S., “Analysis of Pile Bending in the Seismic Environment of the Puget Sound Region,” report submitted to Concrete Technology Corporation, Apr., 1985.
3.
Bertero, V. V., Lin, T. Y., Seed, H. B., Gerwick, B. C., Brauner, H. A., and Fotinos, G. C., “Aseismic Design of Prestressed Concrete Piling,” Federation Internationale de la Precontrainte, 7th Congress, New York, N.Y., 1974.
4.
Center for Building Technology, “Tentative Provisions for the Development of Seismic Regulations for Buildings, ATC 3‐06,” National Bureau of Standards Publications 510, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1978.
5.
Elliott, A. L., and Nagai, I., “Earthquake Damage to Freeway Bridges,” San Fernando, Calif., Earthquake of Feb. 9, 1971, Vol. II, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., 1973.
6.
Falconer, T. J., and Park, R., “Ductility of Prestressed Concrete Piles Under Seismic Loading,” Department of Civil Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, Feb., 1982.
Also PCI Journal, Vol. 28, No. 5, Sept./Oct, 1983.
7.
Gazetas, G., and Dobry, R., “Horizontal Response of Piles in Layered Soils,” Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 110, No. 1, Jan., 1984, pp. 20–40.
8.
Gerwick, B. C., Jr., and Brauner, H. A., “Design of High‐Performance Prestressed Concrete Piles for Dynamic Loading,” Behavior of Deep Foundations, ASTM‐STP‐670, 1979, pp. 323–334.
9.
Hawkins, N. M., and Crosson, R. S., “Cause, Characteristics and Effects of Puget Sound Earthquakes,” Proceedings of the U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, EERI, Ann Arbor, Mich., June, 1975.
10.
Hideaki, K., et al., “Damage of Reinforced Precast Piles During the Miyagi Ken‐Oki Earthquake of June 12, 1972,” Proceedings, 7th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 9, Istanbul, Turkey, 1980.
11.
Kachedoorian, R., “Effects of Earthquake of March 27, 1964 on the Alaska Highway System,” Geological Survey Professional Paper 545‐C, U.S. Department of Interior, Washington, D.C., 1968.
12.
Lysmer, J., et al., “FLUSH—A Computer Program for Approximate 3‐D Analysis of Soil‐Structure Interaction Problems,” Report No. EERC 75‐30, University of California, Berkeley, Calif., Nov., 1975.
13.
Makita, H., “Comparative Tests of High Strength Concrete Piling With Varying Degrees of Confinement,” Tokyo Pile Co., Tokyo, Japan, 1977.
14.
Margason, E., “Earthquake Effects on Embedded Pile Foundations,” Pile Talk Seminar, San Francisco, Calif., Mar., 1977.
Also, Margason, E., and Holloway, D. M., “Pile Bending During Earthquakes,” Proceedings 6th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 4, New Delhi, India, 1977, pp. 233.
15.
Novak, M., “Effect of Soil on Structural Response to Wind and Earthquake,” International Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 3, 1974, pp. 79–96.
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Park, R., “Theorization of Structural Behavior with a View to Defining Resistance and Ultimate Deformability,” Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 2, June, 1973, pp. 52–70.
17.
Perkins, D., et al., “Probabilistic Estimates of Maximum Seismic Horizontal Ground Motion on Rock in the Pacific Northwest and the Adjacent Outer Continental Shelf,” USGS, Open File Report No. 80–471, 1980.
18.
Pizzano, B. P., “Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Piles Under Seismic Loading,” thesis, presented to the University of Washington, at Seattle, Wash., in 1983, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science.
19.
Schnabel, P. B., et al., “SHAKE—A Computer Program for Earthquake Response Analysis of Horizontally Layered Sites,” Report No. EERC 72‐12, University of Calif., Berkeley, Calif., Dec., 1972.
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Scott, R. F., et al., “Full‐Scale Dynamic Lateral Pile Tests,” Proceedings 14th Offshore Technology Conference, OTC Paper No. 4203, Houston, Tex., 1982.
21.
Sheppard, D. C., “Seismic Design of Prestressed Concrete Piling,” paper presented to New Zealand Prestressed Concrete Institute Annual Conference, held Oct. 1980, published in PCI Journal, Vol. 28, No. 2, Mar./Apr., 1983.
22.
Tao, X., Stanton, J. F., and Hawkins, N. M., “A Computer Program for the Cyclic Moment Curvature Response of Reinforced Prestressed and Partially Prestressed Concrete Sections,” Report No. SM 84‐2, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash., 1984.

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Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 113Issue 2February 1987
Pages: 381 - 396

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Published online: Feb 1, 1987
Published in print: Feb 1987

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Authors

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S. Banerjee
Asst. Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
J. F. Stanton
Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
N. M. Hawkins, Members ASCE
Prof. and Chmn., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

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