Local Effect of Solid Missiles on Concrete Structures
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 110, Issue 5
Abstract
The appropriateness of the National Defense Research Council (NDRC) equations for penetration and back‐face scabbing thicknesses are reevaluated using presently available test results. A nondimensional impact factor is introduced to improve the predictability of these equations. Penetration depths are estimated using NDRC, statistical NDRC, and the proposed Haldar equations. Although the NDRC equations predict the penetration depths for bullets reasonably well, they fail to do so for large missiles. The Haldar penetration equations are found to predict the penetration depths for all types of missiles. A similar relationship is proposed to estimate the scabbing depth directly by using the impact factor. However, this relationship is developed using only bullet data. For most large turbine missiles, the scabbing thicknesses need to be estimated indirectly using the information on the penetration depth. The applicability of the proposed penetration and scabbing thicknesses to large turbine missiles such as those postulated by the General Electric Corp. and Westinghouse, are discussed. The coefficients of variation for the estimation of penetration and scabbing thicknesses are large in all cases. Thus, in any probabilistic formulation like the one used for turbine missiles, they should be considered probabilistically.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Barber, R. B., “Steel Rod/Concrete Slab Impact Test (Experimental Simulation),” Bechtel Corporation, Oct., 1973.
2.
Berriand, C., Sokolovsky, A., Guerard, R., Dulac, J., and Labrot, R., “Local Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Walls Under Missile Impact,” Paper J 7/9, Fourth Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT) Conference, Aug., 1977.
3.
Beth, R. A., “Concrete Penetration,” NDRC Report No. A‐319, and OSRD Report No. 4856, Mar., 1945.
4.
Beth, R. A., and Stipe, J. G., Dereus, M. E., and Pittenger, J. T., “Effect of Concrete Properties on Penetration Resistance,” National Research Council, Interim Report No. 27, 1949.
5.
Chang, W. S., “Impact of Solid Missiles on Concrete Barriers,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 107, No. ST2, Proc. Paper 16031, Feb., 1981, pp. 257–280.
6.
Degen, P. O., “Perforation of Reinforced Concrete Slabs by Rigid Missiles,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 106, No. ST7, Proc. Paper 15579, July, 1980, pp. 1623–1642.
7.
Haldar, A., “A Probabilistic Evaluation of Turbine Missile Damage Potential,” Publication PVP‐PB‐030, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Dec., 1978, pp. 1–20.
8.
Haldar, A., “Turbine Missile—A Critical Review,” Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 55, No. 3, Nov., 1979, pp. 293–304.
9.
Haldar, A., “Impact Loading—Damage Predicting Equations,” Proceedings, Sixth Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT), Paper No. J 8/4, Paris, France, Aug., 1981.
10.
Haldar, A., Discussion of “Impact of Solid Missiles on Concrete Barriers,” by W. S. Chang, Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 107, No. ST11, Nov., 1981, pp. 2307–2309.
11.
Haldar, A., Hatami, M., and Miller, F. J., “Concrete Structures: Penetration Depth Estimation,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 109, No. 1, Jan., 1983, pp. 245–250.
12.
Jankov, Z. D., Shanahan, J. A., and White, M. P., “Missile Tests of Quarter‐Scale Reinforced Concrete Barriers,” A Symposium on Tornadoes, Assessment of Knowledge and Implications for Man, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, June, 1976.
13.
Kennedy, R. P., “A Review of Procedures for Analysis and Design of Concrete Structures to Resist Missile‐Impact Effects,” Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 37, 1976, pp. 183–203.
14.
Langheim, H., “Impactuntersuchungen an Armierten Betonplatten,” Ernst Mach Institute Report E 9/76, Part I, June, 1976.
15.
Langheim, H., “Impactuntersuchungen an Armierten Betonplatten,” Ernst Mach Institute Report E 14/77, Part III, June, 1977.
16.
Montgomery, D. C., and Peck, E. A., Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1982.
17.
Slitter, G. E., “Assessment of Empirical Concrete Impact Formulas,” Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 106, No. ST5, Proc. Paper 15411, May, 1980, pp. 1023–1045.
18.
Stephenson, A. E., “Full‐Scale Tornado‐Missile Impact Tests,” Electric Power Research Institute, Final Report NP‐440, July, 1977.
19.
United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 1.115, “Protection Against Low‐Trajectory Turbine Missiles,” July, 1977.
20.
Vassallo, F. A., “Missile Impact Testing of Reinforced Concrete Panels,” HC‐5609‐D‐l, Calspan Corporation, Buffalo, N.Y., prepared for Bechtel Corporation, Jan., 1975.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 110 • Issue 5 • May 1984
Pages: 948 - 960
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 ASCE.
History
Published online: May 1, 1984
Published in print: May 1984
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.