Optimal Design of a Settling Basin for a Small-Scale Drainage Area
Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 134, Issue 3
Abstract
This paper develops a nonlinear programming model to optimally design a settling basin for a small-scale drainage area with a minimum total cost. It is assumed that the shape of the settling basin is rectangular parallelepiped, and it is connected to an open channel at both ends. Therefore, the decision variables include the scales of the settling basin (i.e., length, width, and height) and the scales of the channel (i.e., width and height). The design trap efficiency requirement, which must be greater than or equal to the required one of the considered watershed, makes up the main constraint. Other constraints consist of the upper and lower bounds of the decision variables, the equations for computing the trap efficiency, and the average flow velocity in the settling basin. The objective function is to minimize the total annual cost, which is the sum of the land, capital, and maintenance-operation cost. The developed model is solved by using a genetic algorithm. This model is applied to a subwatershed of the Wu-She Reservoir watershed in central Taiwan. The obtained results effectively demonstrate the applicability and practicability of the model.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The present study was financially supported by the Council of Agriculture of Taiwan with the research project: “Sustainable agriculture in a reservoir watershed—Wu-She Reservoir and National Taiwan University’s Mei-Fong farm as a case study.”
References
Camp, T. R. (1946). “Sedimentation and the design of settling tanks.” Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 111, 895–936.
Einstein, H. A. (1968). “Deposition of suspended particles in a gravel bed.” J. Hydr. Div., 94(5), 1197–1205.
Eshelman, L. J., and Schaffer, J. D. (1992). “Real-coded genetic algorithms and interval-schemata.” Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Genetic Algorithms, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, Calif., 187–202.
Garde, R. J., Ranga Raju, K. G., and Sujudi, A. W. R. (1990). “Design of settling basins.” J. Hydraul. Res., 28(1), 81–91.
Goldberg, D. E., and Kuo, C. H. (1987). “Genetic algorithms in pipeline optimization.” J. Comput. Civ. Eng., 1(2), 128–141.
Holland, J. H. (1975). Adaptation in nature and artificial systems, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Jin, Y. S., Guo, Q. C., and Viraraghavan, T. (2000). “Modeling of Class-I settling tanks.” J. Environ. Eng., 126(8), 754–760.
Jin, Y. S., Lu, F., and Badruzzaman, Md. (2005). “Simplified model for the Class-I settling tanks design.” J. Environ. Eng., 131(12), 1755–1759.
Kuo, J. T., Cheng, W. C., and Chen, L. (2003). “Multiobjective water resources systems analysis using genetic algorithms—Application to Chou-Shui River Basin, Taiwan.” Water Sci. Technol., 48(10), 71–77.
Land Administration Bureau of Nantou City Government. (2002). Nantou County Government Web Page, ⟨http://www.nantou.gov.tw/⟩.
Leopold, L. B., and Maddock, T., Jr. (1953). “The hydraulic geometry of stream channels and some physiographic implications.” U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 252, 57.
Oliveira, R., and Loucks, D. P. (1997). “Operating rules for multireservoir systems.” Water Resour. Res., 33(4), 839–852.
Richardson, J. F., and Zaki, W. N. (1954). “Sedimentation and fluidization.” Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 32, 35–53.
Rouse, H. (1937). “Modern conceptions of the mechanics of fluid turbulence.” Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 121, 1179–1218.
Schueler, T. (1987). Controlling urban runoff: A practical manual for planning and designing urban BMPs, Dept. of Environmental Programs, Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments, Washington, D.C.
Sumer, M. S. (1977). “Settlement of solid particles in open channel flow.” J. Hydr. Div., 103(11), 1323–1337.
Swamee, P. K., and Tyagi, A. (1996). “Design of Class-I sedimentation tanks.” J. Environ. Eng., 122(1), 71–73.
Vanoni, V. A., ed. (1975). “Sedimentation engineering.” ASCE manual and reports on engineering practices, Vol. 54, ASCE, New York, 582–583.
Vittal, N., and Raghav, M. S. (1997). “Design of single-chamber settling basins.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 123(7), 469–471.
Wang, Q. J. (1991). “The genetic algorithms and its application to calibrating conceptual rainfall-runoff models.” Water Resour. Res., 27(9), 2467–2471.
Wright, A. (1991). “Genetic algorithms for real parameter optimization.” Foundation of genetic algorithms, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, Calif., 205–218.
Young, G. K., Stein, S., Cole, P., Kammer, T., Graziano, F., and Bank, F. (1996). “Evaluation and management of highway runoff water quality.” Publication No. FHWA-PD-96-032, U. S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Environment and Planning, Washington, D.C.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 134 • Issue 3 • June 2008
Pages: 372 - 379
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Feb 13, 2007
Accepted: Aug 13, 2007
Published online: Jun 1, 2008
Published in print: Jun 2008
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.