Hydraulic Analysis of Multidiameter Center-Pivot Sprinkler Laterals
Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 131, Issue 2
Abstract
Analytical equations for direct hydraulic analysis of a multidiameter center-pivot lateral with and without an end gun were developed. The pressure head profile along the multidiameter center-pivot lateral is described by simple analytical functions. The analysis is based on both continuous outlet and discrete outlet approaches. Friction losses can be calculated using the Darcy–Weisbach or the Hazen–Williams formulas. The proposed equations simplify important practical applications such as the economic design and evaluation of a multidiameter center-pivot system. A comparison test with a numerical stepwise method indicates that the proposed analytical approach is sufficiently accurate for practical applications.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Anwar, A. A. (1999). “Friction correction factors for center pivots.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 125(5), 280–286.
Anwar, A. A. (2000). “Correction factors for center pivots with end guns.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 126(2), 113–118.
Christiansen, J. E. (1942). “Irrigation by sprinkling.” California Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 670, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Chu, S. T. (1980). “Center pivot irrigation design.” Tech. Bulletin 56, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State Univ, Brookings, S.D.
Chu, S. T., and Moe, D. L. (1972). “Hydraulics of a center pivot system.” Trans. ASAE, 15(5), 894–896.
Detar, W. R. (1982). “Modified graphical determination of submain size.” Trans. ASAE, 25(3), 695–696.
Gilley, J. R. (1989). “Discussion of ‘Friction correction factor for center-pivot irrigation systems’ by J. M. Reddy and H. Apolayo.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 115(4), 769–770.
Keller, J., and Bliesner, R. D. (1990). Sprinkle and trickle irrigation, Chapman and Hall, New York.
Kincaid, D. C., and Heermann, D. F. (1970). “Pressure distribution on a center-pivot sprinkler irrigation system.” Trans. ASAE, 13(5), 556–558.
Reddy, J. M., and Apolayo, H. (1988). “Friction correction factor for center pivot irrigation systems.”J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 114(1), 183–185.
Scaloppi, E. J., and Allen, R. G. (1993). “Hydraulics of center-pivot laterals.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 119(3), 554–567.
Shank, B. F. (1992). “1992 irrigation survey.” Irrig. J., 42(1), 19–25;
Shank, B. F. (1992). “1992 irrigation survey.” Irrig. J., 42(1), 43–47.
Solomon, K., and Kodoma, M. (1978). “Center pivot end sprinkler pattern analysis and selection.” Trans. ASAE, 21(4), 706–712.
Swamee, P., and Jain, A. (1976). “Explicit equations for pipe flow problems.” J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 102(5), 657–664.
Valiantzas, J. D. (2002). “Hydraulic analysis and optimum design of multidiameter irrigation laterals.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 128(2), 78–86.
Valiantzas, J. D. (2003a). “Explicit hydraulic design of microirrigation submain units with tapered manifold and laterals.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 129(4), 227–236.
Valiantzas, J. D. (2003b). “Inlet pressure, energy cost and economic design of tapered irrigation submains.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 129(2), 100–107.
Valiantzas, J. D., and Dercas, N. (2004). “Economic design of center-pivot sprinkler laterals.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 130(6), 491–498.
von Bernuth, R. D. (1983). “Nozzling considerations for center pivots with end guns.” Trans. ASAE, 26(2), 419–422.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 131 • Issue 2 • April 2005
Pages: 137 - 146
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Jan 23, 2003
Accepted: May 7, 2004
Published online: Apr 1, 2005
Published in print: Apr 2005
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.