Normal‐Depth Equations for Irrigation Canals
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 120, Issue 5
Abstract
Normal depth is an important parameter occurring in the design of irrigation canals. Direct analytic solution of normal‐depth problems is not possible, as the governing equations for the practical canal sections are implicit. The solution requires tedious methods of trial and error. Tabular and graphical methods also available for solution are subject to errors of double interpolation and errors of judgment in reading the graphs. Furthermore, the methods are based on Manning's equation, which is valid for a hydraulically rough boundary having a narrow range of relative roughness and involves a roughness coefficient having awkward dimensions. Reported herein are explicit equations for normal depth in various irrigation‐canal sections.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bakhmeteff, B. A. (1932). Hydraulics of open channels. McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y.
2.
Chow, V. T. (1958). Open channel hydraulics. McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y.
3.
French, R. C. (1987). Open channel hydraulics. McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y.
4.
“Friction factors in open channels: task force on friction factors in open channels.” (1963). J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 89(2), 97–143.
5.
Hager, W. H. (1989). “Discussion of ‘Non circular sewer design,’ by Prabhata K. Swamee, Renu Bhargava, and Ashok K. Sharma.” J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, 115(1), 274–276.
6.
Henderson, F. M. (1966). Open channel flow. The MacMillan Co., New York, N.Y.
7.
King, H. W., and Brater, E. F. (1963). Handbook of hydraulics. McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y.
8.
Swamee, P. K., and Jain, A. K. (1976). “Explicit equations for pipe flow problems.” J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 102(5), 657–664.
9.
Swamee, P. K. (1993). “Generalized inner region velocity distribution equation.” J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 119(5), 651–656.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 120 • Issue 5 • September 1994
Pages: 942 - 948
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 3, 1993
Published online: Sep 1, 1994
Published in print: Sep 1994
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.