Urban Groundwater Rise Control: Case Study
Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 115, Issue 4
Abstract
Seepage of wastewater from cesspools, and of leachate from green areas and parks, results in an annual groundwater rise of 0.5 m in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The rise causes several environmental and structural problems. A network of 110 observation wells is built to collect information regarding groundwater conditions, and to estimate soil settlement rates under different groundwater lowering conditions, and soil drainage rates. The hydraulic conductivity values range from 0.3 to 0.4 m/day. The groundwater recharge is mainly from cesspools and irrigated areas and its rate ranges from 0.6 to 1.2 mm/day. Three alternates, namely sanitary sewer, vertical drainage, and horizontal drains are evaluated. The horizontal drainage system is selected and a procedure is presented for its design in urban areas. Computer programs are developed for the analysis of steady and nonsteady flows into drains. Vitrified clay pipe material is selected because of its local availability and resistance to corrosion. The drained water is not suitable for irrigation because of its high salinity and sodium hazard. However, the quality of the drained water meets the local sea‐discharge standards, and is therefore discharged into the Red Sea.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Abu‐Rizaiza, O. S., et al. (1985). “Study of groundwater in north and south Jeddah.” Final Reports, Water and Sewerage Dept., Western Region, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
2.
Drainage manual. (1978). U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Washington, D.C.
3.
Smedema, L. K., and Rycroft, D. W. (1983). Land drainage. Betsford Academic and Educational Ltd., London, England.
4.
Todd, D. K. (1976). Groundwater hydrology, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
5.
Van Beers, W. F. J. (1983). The Auger hole method. International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 ASCE.
History
Published online: Aug 1, 1989
Published in print: Aug 1989
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.