Influence of Wind and Lake Morphometry on the Interaction between Two Rivers Entering a Stratified Lake
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 134, Issue 11
Abstract
The interaction of two rivers flowing into Coeur d’Alene Lake (United States) was investigated with a field experiment and three-dimensional numerical simulations. The focus was on the influence of basin morphology, wind speed, and wind direction on the fate and transport of the inflowing water. Data from the field campaign showed that intrusions from the two rivers propagated into the lake at different depths, with the trace element polluted Coeur d’Alene River flowing into the lake above the trace element poor and nutrient rich St. Joe River inflow. The inflows initially intruded horizontally into the lake at their level of neutral buoyancy and later mixed vertically. Model results revealed that, as the intrusions entered the main lake basin, a forced horizontal mode-two basin-scale internal wave interacted with the intrusions to frequently siphon them into the lake proper and where rapid vertical mixing followed. The results serve to show how detailed transport and mixing patterns in a lake can have important consequences for the plankton ecology in the lake.
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Acknowledgments
S. M. acknowledges the support of an International Postgraduate Research Scholarship and a University of Western Australia Postgraduate Award. Bathymetry data were provided by Coeur d’Alene Tribe. Stream flow data were supplied by the USGS. The writers wish to thank the field operation group of the Centre for Water Research and R. Backsen (USGS) for their contribution in acquiring the field data. The writers also thank R. Alexander, P. Okely, R. Green, and C. Marti for providing valuable comments at early stages of this paper. Comments by four anonymous reviewers also improved this manuscript.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 134 • Issue 11 • November 2008
Pages: 1579 - 1589
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Jun 12, 2007
Accepted: Mar 17, 2008
Published online: Nov 1, 2008
Published in print: Nov 2008
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