Theory of Fine Sediment Infiltration into Immobile Gravel Bed
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 134, Issue 10
Abstract
A theoretical model is developed to describe the process of fine sediment infiltration into immobile coarse sediment deposits. The governing equations are derived from mass conservation and the assumption that the amount of fine sediment deposition per unit vertical travel distance into the deposit is either constant or increases with increasing fine sediment fraction. Model results demonstrate that fine sediment accumulation decreases rapidly with depth into coarse substrate initially void of fine sediment, which is consistent with experimental observations that significant fine sediment infiltration occurs to only a shallow depth. Comparisons of the theory with flume data indicate that the model adequately reproduced the weighted-averaged fine sediment fraction values from experiments. An early model developed by Sakthivadivel and Einstein for fine sediment infiltration is in part based on the generally incorrect assumption that intragravel flow remains constant following fine sediment infiltration. Applying a correction to the Sakthivadivel and Einstein model based on alternate hypothesis that introgravel flow is driven by a constant head gives similar results as the proposed model.
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Acknowledgments
Funding for this study was provided by CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program (Grant No. UNSPECIFIEDERP-02D-P55). The writers appreciate the guidance from the project’s scientific advisory committee members: Thomas Lisle, Scott McBain, Gary Parker, Kris Vyverberg, and Peter Wilcock. P. Baker, Y. Cui, S. Dusterhoff, and J. Wooster wish to acknowledge the financial support provided by Stillwater Sciences in preparing this manuscript, and the strong support from past and current Stillwater flume directors: Frank Ligon, Craig Fixler, and Peter Downs. Constructive review comments from three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor have been incorporated into the manuscript.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 134 • Issue 10 • October 2008
Pages: 1421 - 1429
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Dec 11, 2006
Accepted: Feb 28, 2008
Published online: Oct 1, 2008
Published in print: Oct 2008
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