Steady and Unsteady Simulations of Turbulent Flow and Transport in Ultraviolet Disinfection Channels
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 130, Issue 8
Abstract
The effects of unsteadiness in the turbulent flow through a staggered array of circular cylinders, modeling an ultraviolet disinfection system, are studied by means of solutions of the two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations incorporating the standard turbulence model. Time averaging is applied to the unsteady solution, and the time-averaged characteristics are compared with a solution where a steady flow is a priori assumed, as well as with time-averaged measurements. Differences between the predictions of time-averaged and the steady-flow models are found to be largest in the entrance region of the array, and to decline in importance in the downstream direction. Comparison with measurements indicate that, while the time-averaged unsteady model predictions exhibited better agreement in some respects, the turbulent kinetic energy remained substantially underpredicted. Predictions of head losses through the array are also discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Balabani, S., and Yianneskis, M.(1996). “An experimental study of the mean flow and turbulence structure of cross-flow over tube bundles.” J. Mech. Eng. Sci., 210(C4), 317–331.
Bouris, D., and Bergeles, G.(1999). “Two-dimensional time-dependent simulation of subcritical flow in a staggered tube bundle using a subgrid scale model.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 20, 105–114.
Brooks, A. N., and Hughes, T. J. R.(1982). “Streamline upwind/Petrov-Galerkin formulations for convection dominated flows with particular emphasis on the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 32, 199–259.
Cantwell, B., and Coles, D.(1983). “An experimental study of entrainment and transport in the turbulent near wake of a circular cylinder.” J. Fluid Mech., 136, pp. 321–374.
Chiu, K. (1998). “Process behavior of vertical ultraviolet disinfection system.” PhD thesis, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, Ind.
Chiu, K., Lyn, D. A., Savoye, P., and Blatchley III, E. R.(1999). “Integrated UV disinfection model based on particle tracking.” J. Environ. Eng., 125(1), 7–16.
Gresho, P. M., and Sani, R. (2000). Incompressible flow and the finite-element method, Wiley, New York.
Johnson, C. (1987). Numerical solution of partial differential equations by the finite element method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
Kelemenis, C. I., Massey, T. H., and Turner, J. T. (1991). “Turbulent cross-flow through a staggered tube bundle.” ASME laser anemometry, Vol. 3, B. Ghorashi and A. Dybbs, eds., Proc., 4th Int. Conf. on Laser Anemometry, Cleveland, 37–42.
Lyn, D. A., Chiu, K., and Blatchley III, E. R.(1999). “Numerical modeling of flow and disinfection in UV disinfection channels.” J. Environ. Eng., 125(1), 17–26.
Lyn, D. A., Einav, S., Rodi, W., and Park, J.-H.(1994). “Laser–Doppler velocimetry study of ensemble-averaged characteristics of the turbulent near wake of a square cylinder.” J. Fluid Mech., 304, 285–319.
Oengören, A., and Ziada, S.(1998). “An in-depth study of vortex shedding, acoustic resonance, and turbulent forces in normal triangle tube arrays.” J. Fluids Struct., 12, 717–758.
Rollet-Miet, P., Laurence, D., and Ferziger, J.(1999). “LES and RANS of turbulent flow in tube bundles.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 20, 241–254.
Watterson, J. K., Dawes, W. N., Savill, A. M., and White, A. J.(1999). “Predicting turbulent flow in a staggered tube bundle.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 20, 581–591.
Zhou, G.(1997). “How accurate is the streamline diffusion finite element method?” Math. Comput., 66(217), 31–44.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 130 • Issue 8 • August 2004
Pages: 762 - 770
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 13, 2002
Accepted: Dec 3, 2003
Published online: Jul 15, 2004
Published in print: Aug 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.